Dataset Information

Branched-Chain Amino Acids in relation to food preferences and insulin resistance in obese subjects consuming walnuts: A cross-over, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled inpatient physiology study.

ABSTRACT:

Background&aims

To assess whether the concentrations of circulating Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) change after walnut consumption and, whether these changes are associated with alterations in markers of insulin resistance and food preferences.

Methods

In a crossover, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, ten subjects participated in two 5-day inpatient study admissions, during which they had a smoothie containing 48 g walnuts or a macronutrient-matched placebo smoothie without nuts every morning. Between the two phases there was a 1-month washout period.

Results

Fasting valine and isoleucine levels were reduced (p = .047 and p < .001) and beta-hydroxybutyrate levels were increased after 5-days of walnut consumption compared to placebo (p = .023). Fasting valine and isoleucine correlated with HOMA-IR while on walnut (r = 0.709, p = .032 and r = 0.679, p = .044). The postprandial area under the curve (AUC) of leucine in response to the smoothie consumption on day 5 was higher after walnut vs placebo (p = .023) and correlated negatively with the percentage of Kcal from carbohydrate and protein consumed during an ad libitum buffet meal consumed the same day for lunch (r = -0.661, p = .037; r = -0.628, p = .05, respectively).

Conclusion

The fasting and postabsorptive profiles of BCAAs are differentially affected by walnut consumption. The reduction in fasting valine and isoleucine may contribute to the longer-term benefits of walnuts on insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk and mortality, whereas the increase in postabsorptive profiles with walnuts may influence food preference. TRIAL REGISTRATION CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: Number: NCT02673281, Website: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02673281.

SUBMITTER: Tuccinardi D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8172419 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Branched-Chain Amino Acids in relation to food preferences and insulin resistance in obese subjects consuming walnuts: A cross-over, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled inpatient physiology study.

Tuccinardi Dario D Perakakis Nikolaos N Farr Olivia M OM Upadhyay Jagriti J Mantzoros Christos S CS

Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) 20210123 5

<h4>Background&aims</h4>To assess whether the concentrations of circulating Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) change after walnut consumption and, whether these changes are associated with alterations in markers of insulin resistance and food preferences.<h4>Methods</h4>In a crossover, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, ten subjects participated in two 5-day inpatient study admissions, during which they had a smoothie containing 48 g walnuts or a macronutrient-matched placebo s ...[more]

PMID: 33541836

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Dataset Information

Branched-Chain Amino Acids in relation to food preferences and insulin resistance in obese subjects consuming walnuts: A cross-over, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled inpatient physiology study.

Background&aims

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Branched-Chain Amino Acids in relation to food preferences and insulin resistance in obese subjects consuming walnuts: A cross-over, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled inpatient physiology study.

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