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Maladaptation of U.S. corn and soybeans to a changing climate.

ABSTRACT: We quantify long-run adaptation of U.S. corn and soybean yields to changes in temperature and precipitation over 1951-2017. Results show that although the two crops became more heat- and drought-tolerant, their productivity under normal temperature and precipitation conditions decreased. Over 1951-2017, heat- and drought-tolerance increased corn and soybean yields by 33% and 20%, whereas maladaptation to normal conditions reduced yields by 41% and 87%, respectively, with large spatial variations in effects. Changes in climate are projected to reduce average corn and soybean yields by 39-68% and 86-92%, respectively, by 2050 relative to 2013-2017 depending on the warming scenario. After incorporating estimated effects of climate-neutral technological advances, the net change in yield ranges from (-)13 to 62% for corn and (-)57 to (-)26% for soybeans in 2050 relative to 2013-2017. Our analysis uncovers the inherent trade-offs and limitations of existing approaches to crop adaptation.

SUBMITTER: Yu C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8196191 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Maladaptation of U.S. corn and soybeans to a changing climate.

Yu Chengzheng C Miao Ruiqing R Khanna Madhu M

Scientific reports 20210611 1

We quantify long-run adaptation of U.S. corn and soybean yields to changes in temperature and precipitation over 1951-2017. Results show that although the two crops became more heat- and drought-tolerant, their productivity under normal temperature and precipitation conditions decreased. Over 1951-2017, heat- and drought-tolerance increased corn and soybean yields by 33% and 20%, whereas maladaptation to normal conditions reduced yields by 41% and 87%, respectively, with large spatial variations ...[more]

PMID: 34117293

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