Dataset Information

Metabolic engineering of rice endosperm towards higher vitamin B1 accumulation.

ABSTRACT: Rice is a major food crop to approximately half of the human population. Unfortunately, the starchy endosperm, which is the remaining portion of the seed after polishing, contains limited amounts of micronutrients. Here, it is shown that this is particularly the case for thiamin (vitamin B1). Therefore, a tissue-specific metabolic engineering approach was conducted, aimed at enhancing the level of thiamin specifically in the endosperm. To achieve this, three major thiamin biosynthesis genes, THIC, THI1 and TH1, controlled by strong endosperm-specific promoters, were employed to obtain engineered rice lines. The metabolic engineering approaches included ectopic expression of THIC alone, in combination with THI1 (bigenic) or combined with both THI1 and TH1 (trigenic). Determination of thiamin and thiamin biosynthesis intermediates reveals the impact of the engineering approaches on endosperm thiamin biosynthesis. The results show an increase of thiamin in polished rice up to threefold compared to WT, and stable upon cooking. These findings confirm the potential of metabolic engineering to enhance de novo thiamin biosynthesis in rice endosperm tissue and aid in steering future biofortification endeavours.

SUBMITTER: Strobbe S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8196658 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Metabolic engineering of rice endosperm towards higher vitamin B1 accumulation.

Strobbe Simon S Verstraete Jana J Stove Christophe C Van Der Straeten Dominique D

Plant biotechnology journal 20210211 6

Rice is a major food crop to approximately half of the human population. Unfortunately, the starchy endosperm, which is the remaining portion of the seed after polishing, contains limited amounts of micronutrients. Here, it is shown that this is particularly the case for thiamin (vitamin B1). Therefore, a tissue-specific metabolic engineering approach was conducted, aimed at enhancing the level of thiamin specifically in the endosperm. To achieve this, three major thiamin biosynthesis genes, THI ...[more]

PMID: 33448624

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundRice is not only an essential food but also a source of high quality protein. Polyploidy is an evolutionary trajectory in plants, and enhancing glutelin by polyploidization is an attractive strategy for improving the nutritional value of rice seeds and presents a great potential for enhancing the commercial value of rice. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying glutelin synthesis and accumulation in tetraploid rice is of great significance.ResultsTo enhance the nutritional value of rice, we developed tetraploid rice and evaluated the contents of various nutrient elements in mature seeds. The results revealed a significant increase in protein contents, including the total seed storage proteins, glutelins, and amino acids in tetraploid rice when compared with those in diploid rice. Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic analyses of seeds revealed that glutelins regulated by several glutelin genes in 9311-4x were significantly up-regulated (≥1.5-fold), which was further verified by immunoblot analyses. In addition, temporal expression patterns of various glutelin subunits in different rice lines were investigated. The results revealed significant differences in the expression patterns between diploid and tetraploid rice seeds. Cytohistological analyses results revealed that the thickness of aleurone cell layers increased significantly by 32% in tetraploid rice, the structures of protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) in sub-aleurone cells were more diverse and abundant than those of diploid rice. Temporal expression and proteomic analyses results revealed that protein disulfide isomerase-like 1-1 expression levels were higher in tetraploid rice than in diploid rice, and that the gene responded to oxidative folding with increased levels of proglutelin and appropriate distribution of seed glutelins in tetraploid rice.ConclusionThe results of the present study revealed that polyploidization increased glutelin content by influencing glutelin biosynthesis, transport, and deposition, while variations in glutelin accumulation between tetraploid and diploid rice were largely manifested in the initial time, duration, and relative levels of various glutelin gene expressions during seed filling stages. These findings provide novel insights into improving the protein quality and nutritional value of rice seeds by polyploid breeding.

Project description:Micronutrients such as vitamins are transferred from lower to higher trophic levels, but no general ecological concept describes the factors regulating this process. Here, we investigated thiamin (thiamine, vitamin B1), which is an example of a metabolically important water-soluble micronutrient. Thiamin is produced by organisms such as bacteria and phytoplankton, and all consumers, such as zooplankton and fish, rely on a continuous intake of thiamin through their diet and possibly from de novo-synthesized thiamin by gut microbiota. A deficiency in thiamin negatively affects reproduction in fish and bird populations worldwide. The aim of this study was to quantify thiamin transfer in a planktonic food web in response to thiamin and/or nutrient addition, using an outdoor mesocosm system (an approximately 1.9 m3 bag submerged in sea water). These estimates were then compared with literature data on thiamin concentrations at different trophic levels. The results showed that thiamin was rapidly taken up by phytoplankton in both the ambient and nutrient-amended treatments. However, large differences in thiamin concentrations in phytoplankton did not lead to any significant changes in community composition or abundance. Nitrogen addition led to changes in the abundance and community composition of picoplankton and phytoplankton but there were no additional major effects of thiamin addition. Differences in thiamin concentrations in phytoplankton were not detected at the next trophic level in zooplankton. Although the concentrations did not change, a greater abundance of some zooplankton taxa were developed in the thiamin treatments. Comparing the mesocosm results with literature data demonstrated a gradual reduction in thiamin concentrations along the food chain, with six percent of the concentration in producers occurring in top consumers (i.e., piscivorous fish). Overall, these observations illustrate the concept of trophic dilution of micronutrients where concentrations decrease along the food web from phytoplankton via zooplankton and planktivorous fish to piscivorous fish.

Dataset Information

Metabolic engineering of rice endosperm towards higher vitamin B1 accumulation.

Publications

Metabolic engineering of rice endosperm towards higher vitamin B1 accumulation.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets