Gender Differences in Diabetic Kidney Disease: Focus on Hormonal, Genetic and Clinical Factors.

ABSTRACT: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most serious complications of both type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Current guidelines recommend a personalized approach in order to reduce the burden of DM and its complications. Recognizing sex and gender- differences in medicine is considered one of the first steps toward personalized medicine, but the gender issue in DM has been scarcely explored so far. Gender differences have been reported in the incidence and the prevalence of DKD, in its phenotypes and clinical manifestations, as well as in several risk factors, with a different impact in the two genders. Hormonal factors, especially estrogen loss, play a significant role in explaining these differences. Additionally, the impact of sex chromosomes as well as the influenc

SUBMITTER: Giandalia A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8198374 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature