Citrullination and PAD Enzyme Biology in Type 1 Diabetes - Regulators of Inflammation, Autoimmunity, and Pathology.

ABSTRACT: The generation of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in human proteins is a physiological process leading to structural and immunologic variety in proteins, with potentially altered biological functions. PTMs often arise through normal responses to cellular stress, including general oxidative changes in the tissue microenvironment and intracellular stress to the endoplasmic reticulum or immune-mediated inflammatory stresses. Many studies have now illustrated the presence of 'neoepitopes' consisting of PTM self-proteins that induce robust autoimmune responses. These pathways of inflammatory neoepitope generation are commonly observed in many autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes (T1D), among others. Thi

SUBMITTER: Yang ML 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8204103 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature