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Theoretical demonstration of a capacitive rotor for generation of alternating current from mechanical motion.

ABSTRACT: Innovative concepts and materials are enabling energy harvesters for slower motion, particularly for personal wearables or portable small-scale applications, hence contributing to a future sustainable economy. Here we propose a principle for a capacitive rotor device and analyze its operation. This device is based on a rotor containing many capacitors in parallel. The rotation of the rotor causes periodic capacitance changes and, when connected to a reservoir-of-charge capacitor, induces alternating current. The properties of this device depend on the lubricating liquid situated between the capacitor's electrodes, be it a highly polar liquid, organic electrolyte, or ionic liquid - we consider all these scenarios. An advantage of the capacitive rotor is its scalability. Such a lightweight device, weighing tens of grams, can be implemented in a shoe sole, generating a significant power output of the order of Watts. Scaled up, such systems can be used in portable wind or water turbines.

SUBMITTER: Haimov E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8209174 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Theoretical demonstration of a capacitive rotor for generation of alternating current from mechanical motion.

Haimov Ehud E Chapman Aidan A Bresme Fernando F Holmes Andrew S AS Reddyhoff Tom T Urbakh Michael M Kornyshev Alexei A AA

Nature communications 20210616 1

Innovative concepts and materials are enabling energy harvesters for slower motion, particularly for personal wearables or portable small-scale applications, hence contributing to a future sustainable economy. Here we propose a principle for a capacitive rotor device and analyze its operation. This device is based on a rotor containing many capacitors in parallel. The rotation of the rotor causes periodic capacitance changes and, when connected to a reservoir-of-charge capacitor, induces alterna ...[more]

PMID: 34135333

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Project description:BackgroundDepression is a mood disorder with a prevalence of approximately 1% to 3% worldwide, representing the fourth leading cause of disease burden globally. The current standard treatments of psychological therapy and antidepressant medications are not effective for everyone, and psychotropic drugs may be associated with significant adverse effects. Cranial electrical stimulation (CES) treatment, in which a low intensity electrical current is administered through the use of a small, portable electrical device, has been reported to have efficacy in the treatment of depression with minimal adverse effects. This systematic review investigated the scientific evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of CES in treatment of acute depression compared to sham, or simulated, CES treatment.ObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness and safety of alternating current cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) compared with sham CES for acute depression.Search methodsWe searched The Cochrane Collaboration Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis review group's specialized register (CCDANCTR-Studies and CCDANCTR-References) to February 24, 2014 This register contains relevant randomized controlled trials from: The Cochrane Library (all years), MEDLINE (1950 to date), EMBASE (1974 to date), and PsycINFO (1967 to date). We examined reference lists of review papers and books on CES. We contacted authors, other experts in the field and CES manufacturing companies for knowledge of suitable published or unpublished trials.Selection criteriaRandomized controlled trials of CES versus sham CES for the acute treatment of depressive disorder in adults aged 18 to 75 years.Data collection and analysisWe planned to extract data from the original reports of included studies independently by two authors. The main outcomes to be assessed were:(1) the efficacy of CES in reducing symptoms of depression as reflected in change scores on standardized depression rating scales.(2) the tolerability of CES treatment to participants, as reflected in rates of discontinuation due to adverse effects.We planned to analyze data using Review Manager 5.Main resultsNo studies met the inclusion criteria for this review.Authors' conclusionsThere are insufficient methodologically rigorous studies of CES in treatment of acute depression. There is a need for double-blind randomized controlled trials of CES in the treatment of acute depression.

Project description:BackgroundTranscranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can apply currents of varying intensity to the scalp, modulating cortical excitability and brain activity. tACS is a relatively new neuromodulation intervention that is now widely used in clinical practice. Many papers related to tACS have been published in various journals. However, there are no articles that objectively and directly introduce the development trend and research hotspots of tACS. Therefore, the aim of this study is to use CiteSpace to visually analyze the recent tACS-related publications, systematically and in detail summarize the current research hotspots and trends in this field, and provide valuable information for future tACS-related research.Material and methodsThe database Web of Science Core Collection Science Citation Index Expanded was used and searched from build to 4 August 2023. Using the CiteSpace to analyze the authors, institutions, countries, keywords, co-cited authors, journals, and references.ResultsA total of 677 papers were obtained. From 2008 to 2023, the number of publications shows an increasing trend, albeit with some fluctuations. The most productive country in this field was Germany. The institution with the highest number of publications is Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg (n = 50). According to Bradford's law, 7 journals are considered core journals in the field. Herrmann, CS was the author with the most publications (n = 40), while Antal, A was the author with the highest number of co-citations (n = 391) and betweenness centrality (n = 0.16). Disease, neural mechanisms of the brain and electric stimulation are the major research areas in the field. The effect of tACS in different diseases, multi-site stimulation, combined treatment and evaluation are the future research hotspots and trends.ConclusiontACS has research value and research potential, and more and more researchers are paying attention to it. The findings of this bibliometric study provide the current status and trends in the clinical research of tACS and may help researchers to identify hotspots s and explore new research directions in this field.

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Theoretical demonstration of a capacitive rotor for generation of alternating current from mechanical motion.

Publications

Theoretical demonstration of a capacitive rotor for generation of alternating current from mechanical motion.

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