Roles of TET and TDG in DNA demethylation in proliferating and non-proliferating immune cells.

ABSTRACT:

Background

TET enzymes mediate DNA demethylation by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) in DNA to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Since these oxidized methylcytosines (oxi-mCs) are not recognized by the maintenance methyltransferase DNMT1, DNA demethylation can occur through "passive," replication-dependent dilution when cells divide. A distinct, replication-independent ("active") mechanism of DNA demethylation involves excision of 5fC and 5caC by the DNA repair enzyme thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG), followed by base excision repair.

Results

Here by analyzing inducible gene-disrupted mice, we show that DNA demethylation during primary T cell differentiation occurs mainly through passive replication-dependent dilution of all

SUBMITTER: Onodera A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8218415 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature