Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Clinical illness with viable severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus presenting 72 days after infection in an immunocompromised patient.

ABSTRACT:

SUBMITTER: Hughes CM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8220010 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Clinical illness with viable severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus presenting 72 days after infection in an immunocompromised patient.

Hughes Carly M CM Gregory Gareth P GP Pierce Anna B AB Druce Julian D JD Catton Mike M Chong Brian B Sherry Norelle L NL Graham Maryza M Chen Melissa M Salvaris Ross R Eise Nicole N Lee Jean Y H JYH McQuilten Zoe Z Crouch Simon S Looker Clare C Korman Tony M TM Stuart Rhonda L RL

Infection control and hospital epidemiology 20210319 6

PMID: 33736721

Similar Datasets

Prolonged Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Replication in an Immunocompromised Patient.

Project description:We describe a case of chronic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a patient with lymphoma and associated B-cell immunodeficiency. Viral cultures and sequence analysis demonstrate ongoing replication of infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) for at least 119 days. The patient had 3 admissions related to COVID-19 over a 4-month period and was treated twice with remdesivir and convalescent plasma with resolution of symptoms. The patient's lack of seroconversion and prolonged course illustrate the importance of humoral immunity in resolving SARS-CoV-2 infection. This case highlights challenges in managing immunocompromised hosts, who may act as persistent shedders and sources of transmission.

| S-EPMC7797758 | biostudies-literature

Reinfection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in an Immunocompromised Patient: A Case Report.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC7665355 | biostudies-literature

Dysregulated Host Response in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Induced Critical Illness.

Project description:BackgroundImpaired immune response has been reported to be the cause of the development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related respiratory failure. Further studies are needed to understand the immunopathogenesis and to enable an improved stratification of patients who are at risk for critical illness.MethodsThirty-two severely ill patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were recruited in our center at the University Hospital Heidelberg. We performed a comprehensive analysis of immune phenotype, cytokine, and chemokine profiling and leukocyte transcripts in patients with severe COVID-19 and compared critically ill patients who required mechanical ventilation and high-flow oxygen therapy and noncritically ill patient who received low-flow oxygen therapy.ResultsCritically ill patients exhibited low levels of CD8 T cells and myeloid dendritic cells. We noted a pronounced CCR6+ TH17 phenotype in CD4 central memory cells and elevated circulating levels of interleukin-17 in the critical group. Gene expression of leukocytes derived from critically ill patients was characterized by an upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and reduction of interferon (IFN)-responsive genes upon stimulation with Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist. When correlating clinical improvement and immune kinetics, we found that CD8 T-cell subsets and myeloid dendritic cells significantly increased after disconnection from the ventilator.ConclusionCritical illness was characterized by a TH17-mediated response and dysfunctional IFN-associated response, indicating an impaired capacity to mount antiviral responses during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 severe infection.

| S-EPMC7928547 | biostudies-literature

Persistent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Immunocompromised Host Displaying Treatment Induced Viral Evolution.

Project description:We report a coronavirus disease 2019 case with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) persisting beyond 333 days in an immunocompromised patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, asymptomatically carrying infectious SARS-CoV-2 at day 197 postdiagnosis. In addition, viral sequencing indicates major changes in the spike protein over time, temporally associated with convalescent plasma treatment.

| S-EPMC8244814 | biostudies-literature

Therapy With Allogeneic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2-Specific T Cells for Persistent Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Immunocompromised Patients.

Project description:We administered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 viral-specific T cells (VSTs) under emergency investigational new drug applications to 6 immunocompromised patients with persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and characterized clinical and virologic responses. Three patients had partial responses after failing other therapies but then died. Two patients completely recovered, but the role of VSTs in recovery was unclear due to concomitant use of other antivirals. One patient had not responded to 2 courses of remdesivir and experienced sustained recovery after VST administration. The use of VSTs in immunocompromised patients with persistent COVID-19 requires further study.

| S-EPMC10495124 | biostudies-literature

Defective Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Immune Responses in an Immunocompromised Individual With Prolonged Viral Replication.

Project description:We describe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific immune responses in a patient with lymphoma and recent programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor therapy with late onset of severe coronavirus disease 2019 disease and prolonged SARS-CoV-2 replication, in comparison to age-matched and immunocompromised controls. High levels of HLA-DR+/CD38+ activation, interleukin 6, and interleukin 18 in the absence of B cells and PD-1 expression was observed. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were absent and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were minimally detected. This case highlights challenges in managing immunocompromised hosts who may fail to mount effective virus-specific immune responses.

| S-EPMC8419740 | biostudies-literature

Virus detections among patients with severe acute respiratory illness, Northern Vietnam.

Project description:Severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) is a major cause of death and morbidity in low- and middle-income countries, however, the etiologic agents are often undetermined due to the lack of molecular diagnostics in hospitals and clinics. To examine evidence for select viral infections among patients with SARI in northern Vietnam, we studied 348 nasopharyngeal samples from military and civilian patients admitted to 4 hospitals in the greater Hanoi area from 2017-2019. Initial screening for human respiratory viral pathogens was performed in Hanoi, Vietnam at the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE) or the Military Institute of Preventative Medicine (MIPM), and an aliquot was shipped to Duke-NUS Medical School in Singapore for validation. Patient demographics were recorded and used to epidemiologically describe the infections. Among military and civilian cases of SARI, 184 (52.9%) tested positive for one or more respiratory viruses. Influenza A virus was the most prevalent virus detected (64.7%), followed by influenza B virus (29.3%), enterovirus (3.8%), adenovirus (1.1%), and coronavirus (1.1%). Risk factor analyses demonstrated an increased risk of influenza A virus detection among military hospital patients (adjusted OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2-3.2), and an increased risk of influenza B virus detection among patients enrolled in year 2017 (adjusted OR, 7.9; 95% CI, 2.7-22.9). As influenza A and B viruses were commonly associated with SARI and are treatable, SARI patients entering these hospitals would benefit if the hospitals were able to adapt onsite molecular diagnostics.

| S-EPMC7217455 | biostudies-literature

Diagnosis of severe respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients.

Project description:An increasing number of critically ill patients are immunocompromised. Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (ARF), chiefly due to pulmonary infection, is the leading reason for ICU admission. Identifying the cause of ARF increases the chances of survival, but may be extremely challenging, as the underlying disease, treatments, and infection combine to create complex clinical pictures. In addition, there may be more than one infectious agent, and the pulmonary manifestations may be related to both infectious and non-infectious insults. Clinically or microbiologically documented bacterial pneumonia accounts for one-third of cases of ARF in immunocompromised patients. Early antibiotic therapy is recommended but decreases the chances of identifying the causative organism(s) to about 50%. Viruses are the second most common cause of severe respiratory infections. Positive tests for a virus in respiratory samples do not necessarily indicate a role for the virus in the current acute illness. Invasive fungal infections (Aspergillus, Mucorales, and Pneumocystis jirovecii) account for about 15% of severe respiratory infections, whereas parasites rarely cause severe acute infections in immunocompromised patients. This review focuses on the diagnosis of severe respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients. Special attention is given to newly validated diagnostic tests designed to be used on non-invasive samples or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and capable of increasing the likelihood of an early etiological diagnosis.

| S-EPMC7080052 | biostudies-literature

Severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA and viable virus contamination of hospital emergency department surfaces and association with patient coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) status and aerosol-generating procedures.

Project description:Emergency departments are high-risk settings for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) surface contamination. Environmental surface samples were obtained in rooms with patients suspected of having COVID-19 who did or did not undergo aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs). SARS-CoV-2 RNA surface contamination was most frequent in rooms occupied by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who received no AGPs.

| S-EPMC10877528 | biostudies-literature

Reinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) B.1.1.7 variant in an immunocompromised adolescent.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC8144827 | biostudies-literature