Role of the intestinal microbiome and microbial-derived metabolites in immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy of cancer.

ABSTRACT: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies that block immune inhibitory pathways. Administration of ICIs augments T cell-mediated immune responses against tumor, resulting in improved overall survival in cancer patients. It has emerged that the intestinal microbiome can modulate responses to ICIs via the host immune system and that the use of antibiotics can lead to reduced efficacy of ICIs. Recently, reports that fecal microbiota transplantation can lead to ICI therapy responses in patients previously refractory to therapy suggest that targeting the microbiome may be a viable strategy to reprogram the tumor microenvironment and augment ICI therapy. Intestinal microbial metabolites may also be linked to response rates to ICIs. In addition to response rates, certain toxic

SUBMITTER: Hayase E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8220726 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature