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Resveratrol-Loaded Nanoemulsions: In Vitro Activity on Human T24 Bladder Cancer Cells.

ABSTRACT: The chemopreventive potential of Resveratrol (RV) against bladder cancer and its mechanism of action have been widely demonstrated. The physicochemical properties of RV, particularly its high reactivity and low solubility in aqueous phase, have been limiting factors for its bioavailability and in vivo efficacy. In order to overcome these limitations, its inclusion in drug delivery systems needs to be taken into account. In particular, oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions (NEs) have been considered ideal candidates for RV encapsulation. Since surfactant and oil composition can strongly influence NE features and their application field, a ternary phase diagram was constructed and evaluated to select a suitable surfactant/oil/water ratio. The selected sample was deeply characterized in terms of physical chemical features, stability, release capability and cytotoxic activity. Results showed a significant decrease in cell viability after the incubation of bladder T24 cancer cells with RV-loaded NEs, compared to free RV. The selected NE formulation was able to preserve and improve RV cytotoxic activity by a more rapid drug uptake into the cells. O/W NEs represent an effective approach to improve RV bioavailability.

SUBMITTER: Rinaldi F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8232283 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Resveratrol-Loaded Nanoemulsions: In Vitro Activity on Human T24 Bladder Cancer Cells.

Rinaldi Federica F Maurizi Linda L Forte Jacopo J Marazzato Massimiliano M Hanieh Patrizia Nadia PN Conte Antonietta Lucia AL Ammendolia Maria Grazia MG Marianecci Carlotta C Carafa Maria M Longhi Catia C

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) 20210615 6

The chemopreventive potential of Resveratrol (RV) against bladder cancer and its mechanism of action have been widely demonstrated. The physicochemical properties of RV, particularly its high reactivity and low solubility in aqueous phase, have been limiting factors for its bioavailability and in vivo efficacy. In order to overcome these limitations, its inclusion in drug delivery systems needs to be taken into account. In particular, oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions (NEs) have been considered i ...[more]

PMID: 34203613

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Project description:The aim of the present study was to investigate whether an increase in cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) activity is involved in apoptosis of human bladder cancer T24 cells induced by isoliquiritigenin (ISL). The viability of T24 cells was estimated using a sulforhodamine B assay. Cell morphological changes were examined using Hoechst 33258 staining. The apoptotic rate was determined by staining cells with Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide labeling. The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was measured using 5,5,6,6-tetrachloro-1,1, 3,3-tetraethyl benzimidazole carbocyanine iodide. Alterations in the apoptosis-related regulators B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death (Bim), apoptotic protease-activating facter-1 (Apaf-1), caspase-9 and caspase-3 were determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative PCR methods. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3. CDK2 activity was measured using a spectrometric assay. Following treatment with ISL (between 30 and 70 µg/ml) for 24 h, typical apoptotic morphological changes were observed in T24 cells, exhibiting an edge set of chromosomes, nuclear condensation, nuclear fragmentation and other morphological features. Treatment with ISL increased the apoptotic ratio of T24 cells in a concentration-dependent manner and induced a decrease in the ΔΨm in a time-dependent manner. Treatment with ISL upregulated the expression of Bax, Bim, Apaf-1, caspase-9 and caspase-3, downregulated the expression of Bcl-2, and increased CDK2 activity. MK-8776 (an inhibitor of CDK2) antagonized the apoptosis induced by ISL, and, compared with treatment with ISL alone, pretreatment with MK-8776 inhibited the decrease in ΔΨm, downregulated the mRNA expression of Bax, Bim, Apaf-1, caspase-9 and caspase-3, and upregulated Bcl-2 mRNA expression. Western blot analysis demonstrated that, with increasing ISL concentration, the Bcl-2 expression level was significantly decreased (P<0.05), whereas caspase-3 and Bax expression levels were significantly increased (P<0.01). These results indicated that ISL treatment caused a significant decrease in the proliferation rate and increase in apoptosis of T24 cells. The mechanism by which ISL induces T24 cell apoptosis in vitro may be associated with an increase in CDK2 activity, downregulation of the ΔΨm and activation of caspase-3/caspase-9-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathways.

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Dataset Information

Resveratrol-Loaded Nanoemulsions: In Vitro Activity on Human T24 Bladder Cancer Cells.

Publications

Resveratrol-Loaded Nanoemulsions: In Vitro Activity on Human T24 Bladder Cancer Cells.

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