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Isothermal and temperature-cycling retrogradation of high-amylose corn starch: Impact of sonication on its structural and retrogradation properties.

ABSTRACT: In this study, the effects of sonication and temperature-cycled storage on the structural properties and resistant starch content of high-amylose corn starch were investigated. Sonication induced a partial depolymerization of the molecular structures of amylopectin and amylose. Sonication treatment induced the appropriate structural changes for retrogradation. Although the relative crystallinity of sonicated starch was lower than that of non-sonicated starch, sonicated starch after retrogradation showed much higher relative crystallinity than non-sonicated starch. Regardless of sonication treatment, temperature-cycled storage resulted in a higher degree of retrogradation than isothermal storage, but the rate of retrogradation was greater in sonicated starch than in non-sonicated starch, as supported by retrogradation enthalpy, the Avrami constant, and relative crystallinity. The highly developed crystalline structure in sonicated starches due to retrogradation was reflected by the large amount of resistant starch.

SUBMITTER: Han KT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8237586 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Isothermal and temperature-cycling retrogradation of high-amylose corn starch: Impact of sonication on its structural and retrogradation properties.

Han Kyu Tae KT Kim Ha Ram HR Moon Tae Wha TW Choi Seung Jun SJ

Ultrasonics sonochemistry 20210621

In this study, the effects of sonication and temperature-cycled storage on the structural properties and resistant starch content of high-amylose corn starch were investigated. Sonication induced a partial depolymerization of the molecular structures of amylopectin and amylose. Sonication treatment induced the appropriate structural changes for retrogradation. Although the relative crystallinity of sonicated starch was lower than that of non-sonicated starch, sonicated starch after retrogradatio ...[more]

PMID: 34182316

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Project description:Five ruminally cannulated steers (body weight = 390 ± 7.86 kg) were used in two experiments to evaluate the effects of flake density and starch retrogradation on in situ ruminal degradation of steam-flaked corn. In experiment 1, sifted flakes with flake densities of 257, 296, 335, 373, and 412 g/L (enzymatic starch availabilities: 87%, 76%, 66%, 43%, and 49%, respectively) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design experiment. In experiment 2, the experimental design was a randomized complete block design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Three steam-flaked corn fractions corresponding to different particle sizes were used: flakes + fines (not sifted; >4 and <4 mm), sifted flakes (>4 mm), and sifted fines (<4 mm). Particle size fractions were stored for 3 d at either 23 °C or 55 °C (starch availabilities averaged across particle sizes: 53.3% and 25.5%, respectively) in heat-sealed foil bags. Samples were ruminally incubated for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, or 96 h. Degradation data were modeled to obtain the rate and extent of degradation and passage rate was set to 6% per hour. In experiment 1, the rate of degradation decreased linearly (P < 0.01) and in situ ruminal dry matter (DM) degradability decreased linearly (P < 0.01) from 78.9% to 57.3% as flake density increased from 257 to 412 g/L. In experiment 2, storage of steam-flaked corn samples at 55 °C for 3 d decreased (P < 0.01) the rate of degradation by 37.6% across all particle sizes. Storing samples at 55 °C for 3 d decreased (P < 0.01) in situ ruminal DM degradability of flakes + fines, sifted flakes, and sifted fines by 20.9%, 22.6%, and 14.7%, respectively. Using data from experiment 1 and 2, enzymatic starch availability of sifted flakes was positively correlated (R2 = 0.97; P < 0.01) with in situ ruminal DM degradability. The results demonstrate that decreased starch availability resulting from either starch retrogradation or increased flake density is associated with decreased ruminal digestibility. Decreases in starch availability and in situ ruminal degradability may indicate that increasing flake density or starch retrogradation could potentially alter the site of digestion in cattle. Using prediction equations, decreases in ruminal starch digestibility of steam-flaked corn caused by increasing flake density or increasing starch retrogradation could increase energetic efficiency, depending on the rate of passage and if small intestinal starch digestibility is maintained.

Dataset Information

Isothermal and temperature-cycling retrogradation of high-amylose corn starch: Impact of sonication on its structural and retrogradation properties.

Publications

Isothermal and temperature-cycling retrogradation of high-amylose corn starch: Impact of sonication on its structural and retrogradation properties.

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