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Therapeutic potential of periodontal ligament stem cells.

ABSTRACT: Inflammatory periodontal disease known as periodontitis is one of the most common conditions that affect human teeth and often leads to tooth loss. Due to the complexity of the periodontium, which is composed of several tissues, its regeneration and subsequent return to a homeostatic state is challenging with the therapies currently available. Cellular therapy is increasingly becoming an alternative in regenerative medicine/dentistry, especially therapies using mesenchymal stem cells, as they can be isolated from a myriad of tissues. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are probably the most adequate to be used as a cell source with the aim of regenerating the periodontium. Biological insights have also highlighted PDLSCs as promising immunomodulator agents. In this review, we explore the state of knowledge regarding the properties of PDLSCs, as well as their therapeutic potential, describing current and future clinical applications based on tissue engineering techniques.

SUBMITTER: Queiroz A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8246246 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Therapeutic potential of periodontal ligament stem cells.

Queiroz Aline A Albuquerque-Souza Emmanuel E Gasparoni Leticia Miquelitto LM de França Bruno Nunes BN Pelissari Cibele C Trierveiler Marília M Holzhausen Marinella M

World journal of stem cells 20210601 6

Inflammatory periodontal disease known as periodontitis is one of the most common conditions that affect human teeth and often leads to tooth loss. Due to the complexity of the periodontium, which is composed of several tissues, its regeneration and subsequent return to a homeostatic state is challenging with the therapies currently available. Cellular therapy is increasingly becoming an alternative in regenerative medicine/dentistry, especially therapies using mesenchymal stem cells, as they ca ...[more]

PMID: 34249230

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Project description:Fucoidan, a marine-sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown algae, has been recently spotlighted as a natural biomaterial for use in bone formation and regeneration. Current research explores the osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties of fucoidan-based composites for bone tissue engineering applications. The utility of fucoidan in a bone tissue regeneration environment necessitates a better understanding of how fucoidan regulates osteogenic processes at the molecular level. Therefore, this study designed a fucoidan and polydopamine (PDA) composite-based film for use in a culture platform for periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and explored the prominent molecular pathways induced during osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs through transcriptome profiling. Characterization of the fucoidan/PDA-coated culture polystyrene surface was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The osteogenic differentiation of the PDLSCs cultured on the fucoidan/PDA composite was examined through alkaline phosphatase activity, intracellular calcium levels, matrix mineralization assay, and analysis of the mRNA and protein expression of osteogenic markers. RNA sequencing was performed to identify significantly enriched and associated molecular networks. The culture of PDLSCs on the fucoidan/PDA composite demonstrated higher osteogenic potency than that on the control surface. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (n = 348) were identified during fucoidan/PDA-induced osteogenic differentiation by RNA sequencing. The signaling pathways enriched in the DEGs include regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and Ras-related protein 1 and phosphatidylinositol signaling. These pathways represent cell adhesion and cytoskeleton organization functions that are significantly involved in the osteogenic process. These results suggest that a fucoidan/PDA composite promotes the osteogenic potential of PDLSCs by activation of critical molecular pathways.

Dataset Information

Therapeutic potential of periodontal ligament stem cells.

Publications

Therapeutic potential of periodontal ligament stem cells.

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