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Capillaria hepatica (syn. Calodium hepaticum) as a Cause of Asymptomatic Liver Mass.

ABSTRACT: Capillaria hepatica (syn. Calodium hepaticum) is a parasitic nematode of rodents, rarely infecting humans. An asymptomatic Israeli adult male with extensive travel history was diagnosed with a liver mass on routine post-thymectomy follow-up. Imaging and computer tomography (CT) guided biopsy were inconclusive. Surgical excision revealed an eosinophilic granuloma with fragments of a nematode suspected to be C. hepatica. Molecular methods verified the diagnosis, and the patient was treated empirically. This is the first case of hepatic capillariasis described in Israel, and the first to be diagnosed using molecular methods.

SUBMITTER: Manor U

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8274773 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Capillaria hepatica (syn. Calodium hepaticum) as a Cause of Asymptomatic Liver Mass.

Manor Uri U Doviner Victoria V Kolodziejek Jolanta J Weidinger Pia P Dagan Amir A Ben-Haim Menahem M Rokah Merav M Nowotny Norbert N Boleslavsky Daniel D

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 20210517 1

Capillaria hepatica (syn. Calodium hepaticum) is a parasitic nematode of rodents, rarely infecting humans. An asymptomatic Israeli adult male with extensive travel history was diagnosed with a liver mass on routine post-thymectomy follow-up. Imaging and computer tomography (CT) guided biopsy were inconclusive. Surgical excision revealed an eosinophilic granuloma with fragments of a nematode suspected to be C. hepatica. Molecular methods verified the diagnosis, and the patient was treated empiric ...[more]

PMID: 33999846

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Project description:BackgroundCapillaria hepatica, a zoonotic parasite, is present in the population of Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) and has been a central issue in ecological studies regarding its impact on host populations. Brandt's voles are known for their extremely high reproductive capacity, and the population explosion of Brandt's voles have occurred multiple times in the grasslands of Inner Mongolia over the past few decades. However, the mechanisms underlying the population dynamics of Brandt's voles, particularly in response to C. hepatica infection, remain poorly understood. Given the critical role of the gut microbiota in modulating hormones within the reproductive endocrine system, this study aims to explore how alterations in the gut microbiota influence the host's population dynamics in response to C. hepatica infection.MethodsFemale Brandt's voles were inoculated with eggs of infected C. hepatica, and BALB/C mice were used as a control. At the end of the experimental period, cecal contents were collected for 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing, and the expression levels of reproductive-related hormones were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsC. hepatica infection leads to an increased diversity of gut microbiota in Brandt's voles, with significant changes in microbial composition. The relative abundance of Muribaculaceae and Eubacteriaceae increased significantly, while that of Rikenellaceae and Lachnospiraceae decreased significantly. The expression level of estradiol in the serum of infected Brandt's voles shows a slight decrease without statistical significance. However, the expression of equol is significantly higher in the infected group compared to the uninfected group, and the expression of enterolactone is significantly lower in the infected group than in the uninfected group.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that infection with C. hepatica indirectly affect the abundance of specific gut microbiota in Brandt's voles, which are associated with reproductive hormones. This indirect effect on hormone expression can subsequently impact the reproductive function of the host. By investigating the changes in specific gut microbiota, this study sheds light on the mechanisms through which parasites regulate population fluctuations in Brandt's voles.

Project description:BackgroundMetabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) emphasizes the metabolic dysfunction in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although the relationship between low muscle mass and NAFLD has been suggested, the effect of MAFLD on low muscle mass is yet to be investigated. In this study, we examined the relationship between MAFLD and low muscle mass in an asymptomatic Korean population.MethodsExaminees who underwent FibroScan® and bioelectrical impedance analyses on the same day during the period of June 2017 to December 2019 were included. Hepatic steatosis was diagnosed using controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) with two cut-off values of 248 and 294 dB/m. Low muscle mass was defined based on appendicular skeletal muscle mass/body weight (wt) or body mass index (BMI) ratios of two standard deviations below the sex-specific mean for healthy young adults. Subjects were divided into four subgroups: diabetic MAFLD (presence of diabetes mellitus [DM]), metabolic dysfunction (MD) MAFLD (≥2 metabolic abnormalities without DM), overweight MAFLD (overweight/obese without DM and <2 metabolic abnormalities) and no MAFLD.ResultsAmong all of the 6414 subjects (mean 53.9 years of age; 85.4% male), the prevalence of MAFLD was 49.9% and 22.7% for CAP cut-off values of 248 and 294 dB/m, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, MAFLD was associated with an increased risk of both low muscle mass_wt (odds ratio [OR] 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38-2.35, P < 0.001) and low muscle mass_BMI (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.01-1.70, P = 0.042). The risk of low muscle mass_wt and low muscle mass_BMI increased the most in the diabetic MAFLD subgroup compared with the no-MAFLD group (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.51-2.96, P < 0.001 and OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.08-2.13, P = 0.017). There was an increased risk of low muscle mass_wt in the MD MAFLD subgroup (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.31-2.28, P < 0.001). Comparable results were observed when the CAP cut-off value of 294 dB/m was applied.ConclusionsThe presence of MAFLD is significantly associated with increased risk of low muscle mass with varying risks according to the MAFLD subgroups. Clinicians should be aware of the differentiated risk of low muscle mass across the subgroups of MAFLD.

Dataset Information

Capillaria hepatica (syn. Calodium hepaticum) as a Cause of Asymptomatic Liver Mass.

Publications

Capillaria hepatica (syn. Calodium hepaticum) as a Cause of Asymptomatic Liver Mass.

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