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Ozone inactivation of airborne influenza and lack of resistance of respiratory syncytial virus to aerosolization and sampling processes.

ABSTRACT: Influenza and RSV are human viruses responsible for outbreaks in hospitals, long-term care facilities and nursing homes. The present study assessed an air treatment using ozone at two relative humidity conditions (RHs) in order to reduce the infectivity of airborne influenza. Bovine pulmonary surfactant (BPS) and synthetic tracheal mucus (STM) were used as aerosols protectants to better reflect the human aerosol composition. Residual ozone concentration inside the aerosol chamber was also measured. RSV's sensitivity resulted in testing its resistance to aerosolization and sampling processes instead of ozone exposure. The results showed that without supplement and with STM, a reduction in influenza A infectivity of four orders of magnitude was obtained with an exposure to 1.70 ± 0.19 ppm of ozone at 76% RH for 80 min. Consequently, ozone could be considered as a virucidal disinfectant for airborne influenza A. RSV did not withstand the aerosolization and sampling processes required for the use of the experimental setup. Therefore, ozone exposure could not be performed for this virus. Nonetheless, this study provides great insight for the efficacy of ozone as an air treatment for the control of nosocomial influenza A outbreaks.

SUBMITTER: Dubuis ME

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8274922 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Ozone inactivation of airborne influenza and lack of resistance of respiratory syncytial virus to aerosolization and sampling processes.

Dubuis Marie-Eve ME Racine Étienne É Vyskocil Jonathan M JM Turgeon Nathalie N Tremblay Christophe C Mukawera Espérance E Boivin Guy G Grandvaux Nathalie N Duchaine Caroline C

PloS one 20210712 7

Influenza and RSV are human viruses responsible for outbreaks in hospitals, long-term care facilities and nursing homes. The present study assessed an air treatment using ozone at two relative humidity conditions (RHs) in order to reduce the infectivity of airborne influenza. Bovine pulmonary surfactant (BPS) and synthetic tracheal mucus (STM) were used as aerosols protectants to better reflect the human aerosol composition. Residual ozone concentration inside the aerosol chamber was also measur ...[more]

PMID: 34252093

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Project description:Gram-negative bacteria pose an increased threat to public health because of their ability to evade the effects of many antimicrobials with growing antibiotic resistance globally. One key component of gram-negative bacteria resistance is the functionality and the cells' ability to repair the outer membrane (OM) which acts as a barrier for the cell to the external environment. The biosynthesis of lipids, particularly lipopolysaccharides, or lipooligosaccharides (LPS/LOS) is essential for OM repair. Here we show the phenotypic and genotypic changes of Escherichia coli MG1655 (E. coli) before and after exposure to short-term aerosolization, 5 min, and long-term indoor aerosolization, 30 min. Short-term aerosolization samples exhibited major damages to the OM and resulted in the elongation of the cells. Long-term aerosolization seemed to lead to cell lysis and aggregation of cell material. Disintegrated OM rendered some of the elongated cells susceptible to cytoplasmic leakage and other damages. Further analysis of the repairs the E. coli cells seemed to enact after short-term aerosolization revealed that the repair molecules were likely lipid-containing droplets that perfectly countered the air pressure impacting the E. coli cells. If lipid biosynthesis to counter the pressure is inhibited in bacteria that are exposed to environmental conditions with high air velocity, the cells would lyse or be exposed to more toxins and thus become more susceptible to antimicrobial treatments. This article is the first to show lipid behavior in response to aerosolization stress in airborne bacteria both genotypically and phenotypically. Understanding the relationship between environmental conditions in ventilated spaces, lipid biosynthesis, and cellular responses is crucial for developing effective strategies to combat bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance. By elucidating the repair mechanisms initiated by E. coli in response to aerosolization, this study contributes to the broader understanding of bacterial adaptation and vulnerability under specific environmental pressures. These insights may pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches that target lipid biosynthesis pathways and exploit vulnerabilities in bacterial defenses, ultimately improving treatment outcomes.

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Ozone inactivation of airborne influenza and lack of resistance of respiratory syncytial virus to aerosolization and sampling processes.

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Ozone inactivation of airborne influenza and lack of resistance of respiratory syncytial virus to aerosolization and sampling processes.

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