Dataset Information

The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on hospital admissions for alcohol-related liver disease and pancreatitis in Japan.

ABSTRACT: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there have been health concerns related to alcohol use and misuse. We aimed to examine the population-level change in cases of alcohol-related liver disease and pancreatitis that required admission during the COVID-19 epidemic by interrupted time series (ITS) analysis using claims data. We defined the period from April 2020, when the Japanese government declared a state of emergency, as the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic. This ITS analysis included 3,026,389 overall admissions and 10,242 admissions for alcohol-related liver disease or pancreatitis from 257 hospitals between July 2018 and June 2020. The rate of admissions per 1000 admissions during the COVID-19 epidemic period (April 2020-June 2020) was 1.2 times (rate ratio: 1.22, 95% confidence interval: 1.12-1.33) compared to the pre-epidemic period. Analyses stratified by sex revealed that the increases in admission rates of alcohol-related liver disease or pancreatitis for females were higher than for males during the COVID-19 epidemic period. The COVID-19 epidemic in Japan might associates an increase in hospital admissions for alcohol-related liver disease and pancreatitis. Our study could support the concern of alcohol consumption and health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic.

SUBMITTER: Itoshima H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8275590 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on hospital admissions for alcohol-related liver disease and pancreatitis in Japan.

Itoshima Hisashi H Shin Jung-Ho JH Takada Daisuke D Morishita Tetsuji T Kunisawa Susumu S Imanaka Yuichi Y

Scientific reports 20210712 1

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there have been health concerns related to alcohol use and misuse. We aimed to examine the population-level change in cases of alcohol-related liver disease and pancreatitis that required admission during the COVID-19 epidemic by interrupted time series (ITS) analysis using claims data. We defined the period from April 2020, when the Japanese government declared a state of emergency, as the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic. This ITS anal ...[more]

PMID: 34253741

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Project description:Background and aimThe introduction of the Alcohol Act in Scotland on 1 October 2011, which included a ban on multi-buy promotions, was probably associated with a fall in off-trade alcohol sales in the year after its implementation. The aim of this study was to test if the same legislation was associated with reduced levels of alcohol-related deaths and hospital admissions in the 3-year period after its introduction.DesignA natural experiment design using time-series data to assess the impact of the Alcohol Act legislation in Scotland. Comparisons were made with unexposed populations in the rest of Great Britain.SettingScotland with comparable data obtained for geographical control groups in other parts of Great Britain.ParticipantsFor alcohol-related deaths, a total of 17 732 in Scotland and 88 001 in England and Wales throughout 169 4-week periods between January 2001 and December 2013 and for alcohol-related hospital admissions, a total of 121 314 in Scotland and 696 892 in England throughout 182 4-week periods between January 2001 and December 2014.MeasurementsDeaths and hospital admissions in Scotland and control groups that were wholly attributable to alcohol for consecutive 4-week periods between January 2001 and December 2014. Data were obtained by age, sex and area-based socio-economic position.FindingsThere was no evidence to suggest that the Alcohol Act was associated with changes in the overall rate of alcohol-related deaths [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.91-1.07)] or hospital admissions (IRR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.95-1.02) in Scotland. In control group analyses, the pseudo intervention variable was not associated with a change in alcohol-related death rates in England/Wales (IRR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.95-1.02), but was associated with an increase in alcohol-related hospital admission rates in England (IRR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.03-1.07). In combined models, the interaction analysis did not provide support for a 'net effect' of the legislation on alcohol-related deaths in Scotland compared with England/Wales (IRR 0.99, 95% CI = 0.95-1.04), but suggested a net reduction in hospital admissions for Scotland compared with England (IRR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.87-0.98).ConclusionThe implementation of the Alcohol Act in Scotland has not been associated clearly with a reduction in alcohol-related deaths or hospital admissions in the 3-year period after it was implemented in October 2011.

Project description:ObjectiveTo analyse the impact of voluntary rapid testing for SARS-CoV-2 antigen in Liverpool city on covid-19 related hospital admissions.DesignSynthetic control analysis comparing hospital admissions for small areas in the intervention population with a group of control areas weighted to be similar for past covid-19 related hospital admission rates and sociodemographic factors.SettingLiverpool city, UK, 6 November 2020 to 2 January 2021, under the intervention of Covid-SMART (systematic meaningful asymptomatic repeated testing) voluntary, open access supervised self-testing with lateral flow devices, compared with control areas selected from the rest of England.PopulationGeneral population of Liverpool (n=498 042) and a synthetic control population from the rest of England.Main outcome measureWeekly covid-19 related hospital admissions for neighbourhoods in England.ResultsThe introduction of community testing was associated with a 43% (95% confidence interval 29% to 57%) reduction (146 (96 to 192) in total) in covid-19 related hospital admissions in Liverpool compared with the synthetic control population (non-adjacent set of neighbourhoods with aggregate trends in covid-19 hospital admissions similar to Liverpool) for the initial period of intensive testing with military assistance in national lockdown from 6 November to 3 December 2020. A 25% (11% to 35%) reduction (239 (104 to 333) in total) was estimated across the overall intervention period (6 November 2020 to 2 January 2021), involving fewer testing centres, before England's national roll-out of community testing, after adjusting for regional differences in tiers of covid-19 restrictions from 3 December 2020 to 2 January 2021.ConclusionsThe city-wide pilot of community based asymptomatic testing for SARS-CoV-2 was associated with substantially reduced covid-19 related hospital admissions. Large scale asymptomatic rapid testing for SARS-CoV-2 could help reduce transmission and prevent hospital admissions.

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Dataset Information

The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on hospital admissions for alcohol-related liver disease and pancreatitis in Japan.

Publications

The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on hospital admissions for alcohol-related liver disease and pancreatitis in Japan.

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