Dataset Information

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Diabetes-Related Chronic Kidney Disease From 1990 to 2019.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem largely caused by diabetes. The epidemiology of diabetes mellitus-related CKD (CKD-DM) could provide specific support to lessen global, regional, and national CKD burden.

Methods

Data were derived from the GBD 2019 study, including four measures and age-standardized rates (ASRs). Estimated annual percentage changes and 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the variation trend of ASRs.

Results

Diabetes caused the majority of new cases and patients with CKD in all regions. All ASRs for type 2 diabetes-related CKD increased over 30 years. Asia and Middle socio-demographic index (SDI) quintile always carried the heaviest burden of CKD-DM. Diabetes type 2 became the second leading cause of CKD and CKD-related death and the third leading cause of CKD-related DALYs in 2019. Type 2 diabetes-related CKD accounted for most of the CKD-DM disease burden. There were 2.62 million incident cases, 134.58 million patients, 405.99 thousand deaths, and 13.09 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of CKD-DM worldwide in 2019. Age-standardized incidence (ASIR) and prevalence rate (ASPR) of type 1 diabetes-related CKD increased, whereas age-standardized death rate (ASDR) and DALY rate decreased for females and increased for males. In high SDI quintile, ASIR and ASPR of type 1 diabetes-related CKD remained the highest, with the slowest increase, whereas the ASDR and age-standardized DALY rate remained the lowest there. In high SDI quintile, ASIR of type 2 diabetes-related CKD was the highest, with the lowest increasing rate. In addition, type 2 diabetes-related CKD occurred most in people aged 80-plus years worldwide. The main age of type 2 diabetes-related CKD patients was 55-64 years in Asia and Africa. The prevalence, mortality, and DALY rate of type 2 diabetes-related CKD increased with age. As for incidence, there was a peak at 80 years, and after age of 80, the incidence declined. CKD-DM-related anemia was mainly in mild to moderate grade.

Conclusions

Increasing burden of CKD-DM varied among regions and countries. Prevention and treatment measures should be strengthened according to CKD-DM epidemiology, especially in middle SDI quintile and Asia.

SUBMITTER: Deng Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8281340 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Diabetes-Related Chronic Kidney Disease From 1990 to 2019.

Deng Yujiao Y Li Na N Wu Ying Y Wang Meng M Yang Si S Zheng Yi Y Deng Xinyue X Xiang Dong D Zhu Yuyao Y Xu Peng P Zhai Zhen Z Zhang Dai D Dai Zhijun Z Gao Jie J

Frontiers in endocrinology 20210701

<h4>Background</h4>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem largely caused by diabetes. The epidemiology of diabetes mellitus-related CKD (CKD-DM) could provide specific support to lessen global, regional, and national CKD burden.<h4>Methods</h4>Data were derived from the GBD 2019 study, including four measures and age-standardized rates (ASRs). Estimated annual percentage changes and 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the variation trend of ASRs.<h4>Results</h4>Diabetes caused t ...[more]

PMID: 34276558

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Project description:BackgroundHigh sodium intake is a crucial risk factor for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the latest global spatiotemporal patterns of CKD burden attributable to high sodium intake still remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate the level and trends of the CKD burden associated with high sodium intake according to sex, age, socio-demographic index (SDI), region, and country from 1990 to 2019.MethodsData on CKD burden attributable to high sodium intake from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. The CKD-related deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) attributable to high sodium intake were estimated by age, sex, SDI, region, and country. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated to evaluate the secular trends of ASMR and ASDR of CKD attributable to high sodium intake from 1990 to 2019. We further explored the associations of SDI with the ASMR and ASDR of CKD attributable to high sodium intake.ResultsGlobally, the number of CKD-related deaths and DALYs attributable to high sodium intake were 45,530 (95% UI: 12,640 to 93,830) and 1.32 million (95% UI: 0.43 to 2.8) in 2019, both twice as many as those in 1990. However, the ASMR and ASDR slightly grew, with an EAPC of 0.22 (95% CI: 0.16 to 0.28) and 0.10 (95% CI: 0.04 to 0.16), respectively. The age-specific numbers and rates of deaths, as well as DALYs of CKD attributable to high sodium intake, rose with age and were greater in males than in females. The rates of deaths and DALYs peaked in the >95 age group for both females and males in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the trends of both age-specific rates of mortality and DALYs of CKD attributable to high sodium intake were down in people under 60, while in people over 60, the trends were the opposite. The burden of CKD attributable to high sodium intake in 2019 and its temporal trends from 1990 to 2019 varied greatly by SDI quintile and geographic location. The ASMR or ASDR showed a non-linear negative correlation with SDI at the regional level. The EAPC in ASMR or ASDR showed a markedly negative correlation with ASMR or ASDR in 1990, with a coefficient of -0.40. Nevertheless, the EAPC in ASMR rather than ASDR was positively correlated with SDI in 2019, with a coefficient of 0.18.ConclusionOur findings suggest that there are significant sexual and geographic variations in the burden of CKD attributable to high sodium intake and its temporal trends. Globally, the high sodium intake-caused CKD burden continues to elevate, posing a major challenge to public health. In response to this, strengthened and tailored approaches for CKD prevention and sodium intake management are needed, especially for elderly populations, males, and the population in the middle SDI regions.

Project description:Objective To examine the incidence of cardiomyopathy including both alcoholic cardiomyopathy (AC) and other cardiomyopathy (OC) in 204 nations and regions over the 1990–2019 period. Methods The present study was conducted using data derived from the GBD 2019 study coordinated by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). The GBD 2019 study included epidemiological data pertaining to 369 diseases/injuries, 286 causes of death, and 87 risk factors in 204 nations and regions. For this study, we adopt published estimates pertaining to the prevalence rates, mortality rates, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with cardiomyopathy. The Bayesian mixed-effects DisMod-MR 2.1 meta-regression tool, which was designed to analyze GBD data, was used to estimate the prevalence of OC and AC. The GBD data are subdivided into 21 global regions based on characteristics such as geographical proximity and epidemiological similarity. The overall burden of cardiomyopathy was assessed by combining AC- and OC-related data, 95% confidence intervals were calculated based on standardized error values determined based upon the width of the 95% UI divided by 1.96 × 2. Results Globally, there were an estimated 0.71 million (95% UI: 0.55–0.92) AC cases and 3.73 million (95% UI: 2.92–4.72) OC cases in 2019. The age-standardized cardiomyopathy, AC, and OC prevalence rates (per 100,000 persons) in 2019 were 56.0 (95% CI: 43.82–71.17), 8.51 (95% UI: 6.6–11.01), and 47.49 (95% UI: 37.22–60.16), respectively. In total, the respective numbers of global deaths attributed to AC and OC were 0.07 million (95% UI: 0.06–0.08) and 0.24 million (95% UI: 0.19–0.26). The age-standardized mortality rate for cardiomyopathy in 2019 was 3.97 (95% CI: 3.29–4.39), with respective mortality rates of 0.86 (95% UI: 0.72–0.99) and 3.11 (95% UI: 2.57–3.4) for AC and OC. At the global level in 2019, 2.44 million (95% UI: 2.04–2.78) DALYs were attributed to AC, while 5.72 million (95% UI: 4.89–6.33) DALYs were attributed to OC. From 1990 to 2019, cardiomyopathy age-standardized prevalence rates declined by −0.49% (95% CI: −0.57 to −0.41), with those for AC and OC having respectively declined by −0.32% (95% UI: −0.36 to −0.28) and −0.17% (95% UI: −0.21 to −0.13). The age-standardized AC and OC mortality rates declined by −0.36% (95% UI: −0.5 to −0.26) and −0.39% (95% UI: −0.44 to −0.29), despite 24.8 and 30.2% increases, respectively, in the numbers of AC- and OC-related deaths during the same period. Conclusion Previous studies have estimated the risk factors that influence the burden of multiple cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Among them, some studies related to the GBD database on cardiomyopathy data suggest that alcohol intake, gender are factors in the development of AC, and the burden of AC and OC is not limited to developed or less developed countries. Otherwise, this study mainly focused on cardiomyopathy, and analyzed multiple indicators from national, regional, and age-standard dimensions to identify potential risk factors including prevalence, deaths, years lived with Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) that influence the development of AC and OC. To our knowledge, this study is the first to have systematically assessed the burden of AC and OC as of 2019 at the national, regional, and global levels and calculated DALYs to achieve a better evaluation of disease risk and quality of life of the population. The number of cases, deaths and DALYs of cardiomyopathy showed an overall increasing trend and obvious geographical differences in the past three decades. The burden of cardiomyopathy remains a persistent threat to global public health. These results provide an epidemiological foundation that can guide public health efforts and policymakers.

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Dataset Information

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Diabetes-Related Chronic Kidney Disease From 1990 to 2019.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Diabetes-Related Chronic Kidney Disease From 1990 to 2019.

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