Dataset Information

SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics and transmission from community-wide serological testing in the Italian municipality of Vo'.

ABSTRACT: In February and March 2020, two mass swab testing campaigns were conducted in Vo', Italy. In May 2020, we tested 86% of the Vo' population with three immuno-assays detecting antibodies against the spike and nucleocapsid antigens, a neutralisation assay and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Subjects testing positive to PCR in February/March or a serological assay in May were tested again in November. Here we report on the results of the analysis of the May and November surveys. We estimate a seroprevalence of 3.5% (95% Credible Interval (CrI): 2.8-4.3%) in May. In November, 98.8% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 93.7-100.0%) of sera which tested positive in May still reacted against at least one antigen; 18.6% (95% CI: 11.0-28.5%) showed an increase of antibody or neutralisation reactivity from May. Analysis of the serostatus of the members of 1,118 households indicates a 26.0% (95% CrI: 17.2-36.9%) Susceptible-Infectious Transmission Probability. Contact tracing had limited impact on epidemic suppression.

SUBMITTER: Dorigatti I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8289856 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics and transmission from community-wide serological testing in the Italian municipality of Vo'.

Dorigatti Ilaria I Lavezzo Enrico E Manuto Laura L Ciavarella Constanze C Pacenti Monia M Boldrin Caterina C Cattai Margherita M Saluzzo Francesca F Franchin Elisa E Del Vecchio Claudia C Caldart Federico F Castelli Gioele G Nicoletti Michele M Nieddu Eleonora E Salvadoretti Elisa E Labella Beatrice B Fava Ludovico L Guglielmo Simone S Fascina Mariateresa M Grazioli Marco M Alvisi Gualtiero G Vanuzzo Maria Cristina MC Zupo Tiziano T Calandrin Reginetta R Lisi Vittoria V Rossi Lucia L Castagliuolo Ignazio I Merigliano Stefano S Unwin H Juliette T HJT Plebani Mario M Padoan Andrea A Brazzale Alessandra R AR Toppo Stefano S Ferguson Neil M NM Donnelly Christl A CA Crisanti Andrea A

Nature communications 20210719 1

In February and March 2020, two mass swab testing campaigns were conducted in Vo', Italy. In May 2020, we tested 86% of the Vo' population with three immuno-assays detecting antibodies against the spike and nucleocapsid antigens, a neutralisation assay and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Subjects testing positive to PCR in February/March or a serological assay in May were tested again in November. Here we report on the results of the analysis of the May and November surveys. We estimate a serop ...[more]

PMID: 34282139

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Project description:The tragic COVID-19 pandemic, which has seen a total of 655 million cases worldwide and a death toll of over 6.6 million seems finally tailing off. Even so, new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continue to arise, the severity of which cannot be predicted in advance. This is concerning for the maintenance and stability of public health, since immune evasion and increased transmissibility may arise. Therefore, it is crucial to continue monitoring antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in the general population. As a complement to polymerase chain reaction tests, multiplex immunoassays are elegant tools that use individual protein or peptide antigens simultaneously to provide a high level of sensitivity and specificity. To further improve these aspects of SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection, as well as accuracy, we have developed an advanced serological peptide-based multiplex assay using antigen-fused peptide epitopes derived from both the spike and the nucleocapsid proteins. The significance of the epitopes selected for antibody detection has been verified by in silico molecular docking simulations between the peptide epitopes and reported SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Peptides can be more easily and quickly modified and synthesized than full length proteins and can, therefore, be used in a more cost-effective manner. Three different fusion-epitope peptides (FEPs) were synthesized and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 145 blood serum samples were used, compromising 110 COVID-19 serum samples from COVID-19 patients and 35 negative control serum samples taken from COVID-19-free individuals before the outbreak. Interestingly, our data demonstrate that the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the results for the FEP antigens are higher than for single peptide epitopes or mixtures of single peptide epitopes. Our FEP concept can be applied to different multiplex immunoassays testing not only for SARS-CoV-2 but also for various other pathogens. A significantly improved peptide-based serological assay may support the development of commercial point-of-care tests, such as lateral-flow-assays.

Project description:BackgroundChikungunya virus (CHIKV) continues to cause explosive epidemics in Brazil. We investigated its transmission dynamics in Salvador, Brazil, to understand the factors driving its reemergence and spread.MethodsIn this epidemiological study, we analyzed by census tracts the chikungunya cases reported in Salvador during the 2019-2020 epidemics. We used SaTScan software to identify spatiotemporal clusters and assessed how census tract characteristics (socioeconomic, environmental, and prior chikungunya occurrence) influenced chikungunya incidence through a Bayesian spatial model using Integrated Laplace Approximation (INLA).FindingsCitywide, 19,129 cases (mean age: 40.2, range: 0-112; male: 41.8%, female: 58.0%, non-binary: 0.2%) were reported between 2016 and 2020, with a significant increase in 2019 and 2020 (4549 and 13,071 cases, respectively). We found nine spatiotemporal clusters in 2019 and seven in 2020, with 17.2% (387 of 2252) overlap of census tracts between the two years. The chikungunya incidence by census tract was negatively correlated with income and vegetation but positively correlated with land surface temperature. The census tract level incidence in 2020 exhibited a non-linear correlation with the 2019 incidence; up to a certain level, the 2020 risk increased as the 2019 incidence increased, but when the 2019 incidence was extreme, the 2020 risk was reduced.InterpretationThese findings suggest that CHIKV transmission is localized, even during what appeared to be a citywide epidemic, creating high-risk pockets within the city. Socioeconomic factors, environmental conditions, and prior chikungunya incidence, probably reflecting herd immunity, all influence case incidence.FundingSecretary of Health of Salvador, Federal University of Bahia, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Foundation for Research Support of the Bahia State, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES), Clinical and Applied Research Network in Chikungunya, Global Virus Network, Burroughs Wellcome Fund, Wellcome Trust, and the United States National Institutes of Health.

Dataset Information

SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics and transmission from community-wide serological testing in the Italian municipality of Vo'.

Publications

SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics and transmission from community-wide serological testing in the Italian municipality of Vo'.

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