Dataset Information

Subcortical Brain Volume, Regional Cortical Thickness, and Cortical Surface Area Across Disorders: Findings From the ENIGMA ADHD, ASD, and OCD Working Groups.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders that frequently co-occur. The authors sought to directly compare these disorders using structural brain imaging data from ENIGMA consortium data.

Methods

Structural T₁-weighted whole-brain MRI data from healthy control subjects (N=5,827) and from patients with ADHD (N=2,271), ASD (N=1,777), and OCD (N=2,323) from 151 cohorts worldwide were analyzed using standardized processing protocols. The authors examined subcortical volume, cortical thickness, and cortical surface area differences within a mega-analytical framework, pooling measures extracted from each cohort. Analyses were performed separately for children, adolescents, and adults, using linear mixed-effects models adjusting for age, sex, and site (and intracranial volume for subcortical and surface area measures).

Results

No shared differences were found among all three disorders, and shared differences between any two disorders did not survive correction for multiple comparisons. Children with ADHD compared with those with OCD had smaller hippocampal volumes, possibly influenced by IQ. Children and adolescents with ADHD also had smaller intracranial volume than control subjects and those with OCD or ASD. Adults with ASD showed thicker frontal cortices compared with adult control subjects and other clinical groups. No OCD-specific differences were observed across different age groups and surface area differences among all disorders in childhood and adulthood.

Conclusions

The study findings suggest robust but subtle differences across different age groups among ADHD, ASD, and OCD. ADHD-specific intracranial volume and hippocampal differences in children and adolescents, and ASD-specific cortical thickness differences in the frontal cortex in adults, support previous work emphasizing structural brain differences in these disorders.

SUBMITTER: Boedhoe PSW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8296070 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Subcortical Brain Volume, Regional Cortical Thickness, and Cortical Surface Area Across Disorders: Findings From the ENIGMA ADHD, ASD, and OCD Working Groups.

Boedhoe Premika S W PSW van Rooij Daan D Hoogman Martine M Twisk Jos W R JWR Schmaal Lianne L Abe Yoshinari Y Alonso Pino P Ameis Stephanie H SH Anikin Anatoly A Anticevic Alan A Arango Celso C Arnold Paul D PD Asherson Philip P Assogna Francesca F Auzias Guillaume G Banaschewski Tobias T Baranov Alexander A Batistuzzo Marcelo C MC Baumeister Sarah S Baur-Streubel Ramona R Behrmann Marlene M Bellgrove Mark A MA Benedetti Francesco F Beucke Jan C JC Biederman Joseph J Bollettini Irene I Bose Anushree A Bralten Janita J Bramati Ivanei E IE Brandeis Daniel D Brem Silvia S Brennan Brian P BP Busatto Geraldo F GF Calderoni Sara S Calvo Anna A Calvo Rosa R Castellanos Francisco X FX Cercignani Mara M Chaim-Avancini Tiffany M TM Chantiluke Kaylita C KC Cheng Yuqi Y Cho Kang Ik K KIK Christakou Anastasia A Coghill David D Conzelmann Annette A Cubillo Ana I AI Dale Anders M AM Dallaspezia Sara S Daly Eileen E Denys Damiaan D Deruelle Christine C Di Martino Adriana A Dinstein Ilan I Doyle Alysa E AE Durston Sarah S Earl Eric A EA Ecker Christine C Ehrlich Stefan S Ely Benjamin A BA Epstein Jeffrey N JN Ethofer Thomas T Fair Damien A DA Fallgatter Andreas J AJ Faraone Stephen V SV Fedor Jennifer J Feng Xin X Feusner Jamie D JD Fitzgerald Jackie J Fitzgerald Kate D KD Fouche Jean-Paul JP Freitag Christine M CM Fridgeirsson Egill A EA Frodl Thomas T Gabel Matt C MC Gallagher Louise L Gogberashvili Tinatin T Gori Ilaria I Gruner Patricia P Gürsel Deniz A DA Haar Shlomi S Haavik Jan J Hall Geoffrey B GB Harrison Neil A NA Hartman Catharina A CA Heslenfeld Dirk J DJ Hirano Yoshiyuki Y Hoekstra Pieter J PJ Hoexter Marcelo Q MQ Hohmann Sarah S Høvik Marie F MF Hu Hao H Huyser Chaim C Jahanshad Neda N Jalbrzikowski Maria M James Anthony A Janssen Joost J Jaspers-Fayer Fern F Jernigan Terry L TL Kapilushniy Dmitry D Kardatzki Bernd B Karkashadze Georgii G Kathmann Norbert N Kaufmann Christian C Kelly Clare C Khadka Sabin S King Joseph A JA Koch Kathrin K Kohls Gregor G Konrad Kerstin K Kuno Masaru M Kuntsi Jonna J Kvale Gerd G Kwon Jun Soo JS Lázaro Luisa L Lera-Miguel Sara S Lesch Klaus-Peter KP Hoekstra Liesbeth L Liu Yanni Y Lochner Christine C Louza Mario R MR Luna Beatriz B Lundervold Astri J AJ Malpas Charles B CB Marques Paulo P Marsh Rachel R Martínez-Zalacaín Ignacio I Mataix-Cols David D Mattos Paulo P McCarthy Hazel H McGrath Jane J Mehta Mitul A MA Menchón José M JM Mennes Maarten M Martinho Mauricio Moller MM Moreira Pedro S PS Morer Astrid A Morgado Pedro P Muratori Filippo F Murphy Clodagh M CM Murphy Declan G M DGM Nakagawa Akiko A Nakamae Takashi T Nakao Tomohiro T Namazova-Baranova Leyla L Narayanaswamy Janardhanan C JC Nicolau Rosa R Nigg Joel T JT Novotny Stephanie E SE Nurmi Erika L EL Weiss Eileen Oberwelland EO O'Gorman Tuura Ruth L RL O'Hearn Kirsten K O'Neill Joseph J Oosterlaan Jaap J Oranje Bob B Paloyelis Yannis Y Parellada Mara M Pauli Paul P Perriello Chris C Piacentini John J Piras Fabrizio F Piras Federica F Plessen Kerstin J KJ Puig Olga O Ramos-Quiroga J Antoni JA Reddy Y C Janardhan YCJ Reif Andreas A Reneman Liesbeth L Retico Alessandra A Rosa Pedro G P PGP Rubia Katya K Rus Oana Georgiana OG Sakai Yuki Y Schrantee Anouk A Schwarz Lena L Schweren Lizanne J S LJS Seitz Jochen J Shaw Philip P Shook Devon D Silk Tim J TJ Simpson H Blair HB Skokauskas Norbert N Soliva Vila Juan Carlos JC Solovieva Anastasia A Soreni Noam N Soriano-Mas Carles C Spalletta Gianfranco G Stern Emily R ER Stevens Michael C MC Stewart S Evelyn SE Sudre Gustavo G Szeszko Philip R PR Tamm Leanne L Taylor Margot J MJ Tolin David F DF Tosetti Michela M Tovar-Moll Fernanda F Tsuchiyagaito Aki A van Erp Theo G M TGM van Wingen Guido A GA Vance Alasdair A Venkatasubramanian Ganesan G Vilarroya Oscar O Vives-Gilabert Yolanda Y von Polier Georg G GG Walitza Susanne S Wallace Gregory L GL Wang Zhen Z Wolfers Thomas T Yoncheva Yuliya N YN Yun Je-Yeon JY Zanetti Marcus V MV Zhou Fengfeng F Ziegler Georg C GC Zierhut Kathrin C KC Zwiers Marcel P MP Thompson Paul M PM Stein Dan J DJ Buitelaar Jan J Franke Barbara B van den Heuvel Odile A OA

The American journal of psychiatry 20200616 9

<h4>Objective</h4>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders that frequently co-occur. The authors sought to directly compare these disorders using structural brain imaging data from ENIGMA consortium data.<h4>Methods</h4>Structural T<sub>1</sub>-weighted whole-brain MRI data from healthy control subjects (N=5,827) and from patients with ADHD (N=2,271), ASD (N=1,777), and OCD (N= ...[more]

PMID: 32539527

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Project description:ObjectiveNeuroimaging studies show structural differences in both cortical and subcortical brain regions in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared with healthy subjects. Findings are inconsistent, however, and it is unclear how differences develop across the lifespan. The authors investigated brain morphometry differences between individuals with ASD and healthy subjects, cross-sectionally across the lifespan, in a large multinational sample from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics Through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) ASD working group.MethodThe sample comprised 1,571 patients with ASD and 1,651 healthy control subjects (age range, 2-64 years) from 49 participating sites. MRI scans were preprocessed at individual sites with a harmonized protocol based on a validated automated-segmentation software program. Mega-analyses were used to test for case-control differences in subcortical volumes, cortical thickness, and surface area. Development of brain morphometry over the lifespan was modeled using a fractional polynomial approach.ResultsThe case-control mega-analysis demonstrated that ASD was associated with smaller subcortical volumes of the pallidum, putamen, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens (effect sizes [Cohen's d], 0.13 to -0.13), as well as increased cortical thickness in the frontal cortex and decreased thickness in the temporal cortex (effect sizes, -0.21 to 0.20). Analyses of age effects indicate that the development of cortical thickness is altered in ASD, with the largest differences occurring around adolescence. No age-by-ASD interactions were observed in the subcortical partitions.ConclusionsThe ENIGMA ASD working group provides the largest study of brain morphometry differences in ASD to date, using a well-established, validated, publicly available analysis pipeline. ASD patients showed altered morphometry in the cognitive and affective parts of the striatum, frontal cortex, and temporal cortex. Complex developmental trajectories were observed for the different regions, with a developmental peak around adolescence. These findings suggest an interplay in the abnormal development of the striatal, frontal, and temporal regions in ASD across the lifespan.

Project description:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are clinically and biologically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). The objective of the present study was to integrate brain imaging and behavioral measures to identify new brain-behavior subgroups cutting across these disorders. A subset of the data from the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorder (POND) Network was used including participants with different NDDs (aged 6-16 years) that underwent cross-sectional T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning on the same 3T scanner, and behavioral/cognitive assessments. Similarity Network Fusion was applied to integrate cortical thickness, subcortical volume, white matter fractional anisotropy (FA), and behavioral measures in 176 children with ASD, ADHD or OCD with complete data that passed quality control. Normalized mutual information was used to determine top contributing model features. Bootstrapping, out-of-model outcome measures and supervised machine learning were each used to examine stability and evaluate the new groups. Cortical thickness in socio-emotional and attention/executive networks and inattention symptoms comprised the top ten features driving participant similarity and differences between four transdiagnostic groups. Subcortical volumes (pallidum, nucleus accumbens, thalamus) were also different among groups, although white matter FA showed limited differences. Features driving participant similarity remained stable across resampling, and the new groups showed significantly different scores on everyday adaptive functioning. Our findings open the possibility of studying new data-driven groups that represent children with NDDs more similar to each other than others within their own diagnostic group. Future work is needed to build on this early attempt through replication of the current findings in independent samples and testing longitudinally for prognostic value.

Dataset Information

Subcortical Brain Volume, Regional Cortical Thickness, and Cortical Surface Area Across Disorders: Findings From the ENIGMA ADHD, ASD, and OCD Working Groups.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Subcortical Brain Volume, Regional Cortical Thickness, and Cortical Surface Area Across Disorders: Findings From the ENIGMA ADHD, ASD, and OCD Working Groups.

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