Evolution of Toll, Spatzle and MyD88 in insects: the problem of the Diptera bias.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Arthropoda, the most numerous and diverse metazoan phylum, has species in many habitats where they encounter various microorganisms and, as a result, mechanisms for pathogen recognition and elimination have evolved. The Toll pathway, involved in the innate immune system, was first described as part of the developmental pathway for dorsal-ventral differentiation in Drosophila. Its later discovery in vertebrates suggested that this system was extremely conserved. However, there is variation in presence/absence, copy number and sequence divergence in various genes along the pathway. As most studies have only focused on Diptera, for a comprehensive and accurate homology-based approach it is important to understand gene function in a number of different species and, in a grou

SUBMITTER: Lima LF 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8296651 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature