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Can Physical Activity Reduce the Risk of Cognitive Decline in Apolipoprotein e4 Carriers? A Systematic Review.

ABSTRACT: Physical activity (PA) reduces the risk of cognitive decline (CD) in the general population. However, little is known about whether the presence of the apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele (APOE e4) could modify this beneficial effect. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze and synthetize the scientific evidence related to PA levels and CD risk in cognitively healthy APOE e4 carriers. Four electronic databases were analyzed. Only original articles with longitudinal study design were selected to analyze the relationship between PA and CD in APOE e4 carriers. Five studies were included in the systematic review. All studies except one stated that PA is a protective factor against CD in APOE e4 carriers. Moreover, partial support was found for the hypothesis that a greater amount and intensity of PA are more beneficial in CD prevention. The results support the idea that PA is a protective factor against CD in APOE e4 carriers. Nevertheless, it would be necessary to carry out further studies that would allow these findings to be contrasted.

SUBMITTER: Perez-Lasierra JL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8303365 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Can Physical Activity Reduce the Risk of Cognitive Decline in Apolipoprotein e4 Carriers? A Systematic Review.

Perez-Lasierra Jose Luis JL Casajús Jose Antonio JA Casasnovas José Antonio JA Arbones-Mainar Jose Miguel JM Lobo Antonio A Lobo Elena E Moreno-Franco Belén B Gonzalez-Agüero Alejandro A

International journal of environmental research and public health 20210706 14

Physical activity (PA) reduces the risk of cognitive decline (CD) in the general population. However, little is known about whether the presence of the apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele (<i>APOE e4</i>) could modify this beneficial effect. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze and synthetize the scientific evidence related to PA levels and CD risk in cognitively healthy <i>APOE e4</i> carriers. Four electronic databases were analyzed. Only original articles with longitudinal study des ...[more]

PMID: 34299687

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Project description:BackgroundThe apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4 allele is a well-established genetic risk factor of brain aging. Vigorous physical activity may be particularly important in APOE-e4 carriers, but data have been inconsistent, likely due to differences in the timing of the physical activity assessment, definition of cognitive decline, and/or sample size.MethodsWe prospectively evaluated the association between vigorous physical activity and cognition assessed at least 9 years later, according to APOE-e4 carrier status. Biennially from 1986, Nurses' Health Study participants reported their leisure-time physical activities. Starting in 1995-2001 and through 2008, participants (aged 70+ years) underwent up to 4 repeated cognitive telephone assessments (6 tasks averaged together using z-scores).ResultsAmong 7252 women, latent process mixed models identified 3 major patterns of cognitive change over 6 years: high-stable, medium-stable, and decline. Taking the high-stable cognitive trajectory as the outcome reference in multinomial logistic regressions, highest tertile of vigorous physical activity (≥5.9 metabolic-equivalent [MET]-hours/wk) compared to lowest tertile (≤0.9 MET-hours/wk) was significantly associated with subsequent lower likelihood of the medium-stable trajectory in the global score (odds ratio [OR] [95% CI] = 0.72 [0.63, 0.82]), verbal memory (OR [95% CI] = 0.78 [0.68-0.89]), and telephone interview of cognitive status score (OR [95% CI] = 0.81 [0.70-0.94]). Vigorous physical activity was also associated with lower likelihood of decline in category fluency (OR [95% CI] = 0.72 [0.56, 0.92]). We observed some evidence (p-interaction = .07 for the global score) that the association was stronger among APOE-e4 carriers than noncarriers (OR [95% CI] = 0.60 [0.39, 0.92] vs 0.82 [0.59, 1.16]).ConclusionMidlife vigorous physical activity was associated with better cognitive trajectories in women in their seventies, with suggestions of stronger associations among APOE-e4 carriers.

Dataset Information

Can Physical Activity Reduce the Risk of Cognitive Decline in Apolipoprotein e4 Carriers? A Systematic Review.

Publications

Can Physical Activity Reduce the Risk of Cognitive Decline in Apolipoprotein e4 Carriers? A Systematic Review.

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