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The Influence of Selected Factors on the Aqueous Cryptotanshinone Solubility.

ABSTRACT: The application of cryptotanshinone (CT), a diterpenoid obtained from the root of Salviae miltiorrhiza, is significantly hindered due to its poor aqueous solubility. The aim of the present research was to develop an optimal solvent for analytical and preparative procedures of prospective dermal hydrogel formulations with CT. The influence of pH, temperature, and cosolvent presence on the solubility of CT was examined. Various components were applied to increase CT solubility, i.e., ethanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol, 2,2',2″-nitrilotriethanol, and triisopropanoloamine. The concentration of CT was analyzed by spectral and chromatographic methods, including UV-vis and HPLC methods. The increased solubility of CT was demonstrated in alkaline solvents with ethanol as a cosolvent. CT solutions doped with alcoholamines are more stable compared to CT solutions doped with NaOH.

SUBMITTER: Kobryn J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8309180 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Influence of Selected Factors on the Aqueous Cryptotanshinone Solubility.

Kobryń Justyna J Dałek Jowita J Musiał Witold W

Pharmaceutics 20210630 7

The application of cryptotanshinone (CT), a diterpenoid obtained from the root of <i>Salviae miltiorrhiza</i>, is significantly hindered due to its poor aqueous solubility. The aim of the present research was to develop an optimal solvent for analytical and preparative procedures of prospective dermal hydrogel formulations with CT. The influence of pH, temperature, and cosolvent presence on the solubility of CT was examined. Various components were applied to increase CT solubility, i.e., ethano ...[more]

PMID: 34209049

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Project description:Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of weather factors on stroke parameters. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the records of stroke patients concerning the influence of meteorological conditions and moon phases on stroke parameters. Results: The study group consisted of 402 patients aged between 20 and 102; women constituted 49.8% of the subjects. Ischaemic stroke was diagnosed in 90.5% of patients and hemorrhagic stroke was diagnosed in 9.5% of patients. The highest number of hospitalizations due to stroke was observed in January (48 events); the lowest number was observed in July (23 events). There was no statistically significant correlation between the meteorological parameters on the day of onset and the preceding day of stroke and the neurological status (NIHSS) of patients. Mean air temperature on the day of stroke and the day preceding stroke was significantly lower in the group of patients discharged with a very good functional status (≤2 points in modified Rankin scale (mRS)) compared to the patients with a bad functional status (>2 points in mRS); respectively: 7.98 ± 8.01 vs. 9.63 ± 7.78; p = 0.041 and 8.13 ± 7.72 vs. 9.70 ± 7.50; p = 0.048). Humidity above 75% on the day of stroke was found to be a factor for excellent functional state (RR 1.61; p = 0.016). The total anterior circulation infarcts (in comparison with stroke in the other localization) were more frequent (70%) during a third quarter moon (p = 0.011). The following parameters had a significant influence on the number of stroke cases in relation to autumn having the lowest number of onsets: mean temperature (OR 1.019 95% CI 1.014-1.024, p < 0.000), humidity (OR 1.028, CI 1.023-1.034, p < 0.0001), wind speed (OR 0.923, 95% CI 0.909-0.937, p < 0.0001), insolation (OR 0.885, 95% CI 0.869-0.902, p < 0.0001), precipitation (OR 0.914, 95% CI 0.884-0.946, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Air humidity and air temperature on the day of stroke onset as well as air temperature on the day preceding stroke are important for the functional status of patients in the acute disease period. A combination of the following meteorological parameters: lowered mean temperature and low sunshine, high humidity and high wind speed all increase the risk of stroke during the winter period. High humidity combined with high precipitation, low wind speed and low sunshine in the autumn period are associated with the lowest stroke incidence risk. A possible relationship between phases of the moon and the incidence requires further investigation.

Dataset Information

The Influence of Selected Factors on the Aqueous Cryptotanshinone Solubility.

Publications

The Influence of Selected Factors on the Aqueous Cryptotanshinone Solubility.

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