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Transcatheter Closure of Left Ventricular Outflow Tract-to-Left Atrium Fistula.

ABSTRACT: Surgical and rarely transcatheter aortic valve replacement can be complicated by intracardiac fistula. Transcatheter closure of those shunts has been previously reported with favorable results. We describe a case of percutaneous closure of left ventricular outflow tract-to-left atrium fistula after surgical aortic valve replacement using an Amplatzer Vascular Plug II. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).

SUBMITTER: Sammour Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8311196 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Transcatheter Closure of Left Ventricular Outflow Tract-to-Left Atrium Fistula.

Sammour Yasser Y Chawla Sanchit S Tsutsui Rayji S RS Patel Jayendrakumar J Harb Serge S Kapadia Samir S

JACC. Case reports 20210519 5

Surgical and rarely transcatheter aortic valve replacement can be complicated by intracardiac fistula. Transcatheter closure of those shunts has been previously reported with favorable results. We describe a case of percutaneous closure of left ventricular outflow tract-to-left atrium fistula after surgical aortic valve replacement using an Amplatzer Vascular Plug II. (<b>Level of Difficulty: Advanced.</b>). ...[more]

PMID: 34317621

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Case report: iatrogenic left ventricular outflow tract to right atrium fistula after trans-femoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation associated with asymmetric septal hypertrophy.

Project description:BackgroundThe transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is becoming a leading treatment option for symptomatic aortic stenosis for patients in all surgical risk categories. Recognition and management of potential complications are essential to ensure patient life and comfort. We present here a case report of a left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) to right atrium (RA) fistula which is an extremely rare complication after TAVI.Case summaryAn 85-year-old man with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis and non-obstructive asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) underwent a transfemoral TAVI. Soon after the procedure, he developed chest pain and atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response. A transthoracic echocardiography followed by a transoesophageal echocardiography showed a small pseudo-aneurysm with a fistulous tract between the LVOT and the RA. This was confirmed by a contrast computed tomography scan of the heart. The patient remained asymptomatic throughout the rest of hospitalization. He was treated with diuretics and discharged home. One month follow-up showed increase in the width, jet size, and gradient of the fistula but the patient remained asymptomatic. The decision by Heart team was to closely monitor him for symptoms since the fistula is difficult to access percutaneously.DiscussionWe report a unique case of an LVOT to RA fistula in the setting of ASH that occurred post-TAVI. Alcohol septal ablation was proposed pre-TAVI for patients having septal thickening >15 mm and dynamic obstruction. Treatment options for iatrogenic fistula vary from symptomatic treatment to percutaneous or surgical closure.

| S-EPMC8184267 | biostudies-literature

Dynamic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction Post-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Project description:We describe the first case of successful management of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction developing late after transcatheter aortic valve replacement with right ventricular apical pacing. The possible mechanisms of obstruction resolution are described. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).

| S-EPMC8311343 | biostudies-literature

Mavacamten for Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction After Successful Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Project description:Hemodynamically significant left ventricular outflow tract obstruction is a rare complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). This study presents an unusual case of a patient who, after a successful TAVI, developed and experienced progressive worsening of severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after uneventful TAVI that was effectively relieved using mavacamten.

| S-EPMC11911844 | biostudies-literature

Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction Following Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement Resolved by Chordal Rupture.

Project description:Transcatheter mitral valve replacement carries a risk of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction associated with mortality. We present a case of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction that resolved spontaneously when chords to the anterior mitral leaflet were found to have ruptured. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).

| S-EPMC8642730 | biostudies-literature

Unusual Cause of Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction Following Transcatheter Mitral Valve-in-Ring Replacement.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC8236398 | biostudies-literature

Impact of left ventricular outflow tract calcification in patients undergoing transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Project description:BackgroundLeft ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) calcification is known to be associated with adverse outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients receiving first-generation transcatheter heart valves (THV).AimsThe aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of LVOT calcification as well as its impact on outcomes in a contemporary TAVI patient cohort.MethodsThis retrospective single-centre analysis includes 1,207 patients who underwent transfemoral TAVI between 2012 and 2018 and in whom adequate contrast-enhanced multislice computed tomgraphy (MSCT) imaging for quantification of LVOT calcification was available.ResultsSignificant LVOT calcification, defined as >10 mm3, was present in 37.4% (n=451) of the patient cohort. After applying propensity score matching there was no difference between patients without (w/o; n=358) and with (w; n=358) significant LVOT calcification with respect to baseline clinical characteristics. At 30 days, the composite of all-cause mortality and non-disabling/disabling stroke occurred more often in patients w LVOT calcification compared to those w/o (4.6 vs 10.1%, p=0.008). Moreover, the composite VARC-3 endpoint of device success at 30 days was in favour of patients w/o LVOT calcification (82.2% vs 73.4%, p=0.007). According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, all-cause mortality one year after TAVI was higher in patients w vs w/o LVOT calcification (12.9 vs 21.4 %, p=0.004).ConclusionsIn patients undergoing TAVI, the presence of significant LVOT calcification is common and associated with worse short-term clinical and functional outcomes as well as higher one-year mortality rates compared to patients w/o LVOT calcification.

| S-EPMC9896403 | biostudies-literature

Association of Relative Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Area and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Related Paravalvular Leak.

Project description:BackgroundPost-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), paravalvular leak (PVL) is a quality metric associated with worse clinical outcomes. Transcatheter heart valve (THV) sizing is based primarily on the systolic annular size without regard to the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), which also lies within the THV landing zone. We hypothesized that LVOT size relative to the annulus is associated with post-TAVR PVL.MethodsData from consecutive patients undergoing TAVR in a single high-volume center from January 2018 to March 2019 were used. Pre-TAVR data from multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) were collected. Relative LVOT area was defined as LVOT area/annular area during systole. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate association with post-TAVR mild or greater PVL by transthoracic echocardiography before discharge.ResultsAmong 293 patients (median age, 81.1 years; female, 49.5%; White, 88.0%), 81.6% received SAPIEN 3 and 18.4% received CoreValve THV models. Aortic valve morphology was bicuspid in 10.9% of patients. Prevalence of mild or greater PVL was 23.5% (mild in 20.1%). Relative LVOT area had a significant inverse association such that the odds of mild or greater PVL decreased significantly with every 1% increase in relative LVOT area (adjusted odds ratio, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-0.98; P = .002). There was no interaction between the type of implanted valve and the relative LVOT area. Patients in the highest relative LVOT tertile had significantly lower odds of mild or greater PVL (adjusted odds ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.21-0.87; P = .018 vs first tertile).ConclusionsIn patients undergoing TAVR with the newer generation of THV (SAPIEN 3 and CoreValve models), a relatively narrower LVOT area vs annular area was independently associated with increased odds of mild or greater PVL before discharge.

| S-EPMC11308846 | biostudies-literature

Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Morphology as a Predictor of Conductance Disturbances Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Project description:BackgroundConduction disturbances represent one of the most common complications following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We sought to investigate the role of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) morphology in the development of conduction disturbances following TAVR.Methods and resultsConsecutive patients who underwent TAVR in our center were included. The ratio between the LVOT area and the aortic annulus area was calculated. Patients were then divided into 2 groups on the basis of this ratio: group 1, which included patients with an LVOT area/aortic annulus area ratio <0.9; and group 2, which included patients with an LVOT area/aortic annulus area ratio ≥0.9. The primary end point was to assess the relationship between LVOT shape and the rate of permanent pacemaker implantation following TAVR. A multivariable analysis was performed to identify predictors of permanent pacemaker implantation following TAVR. From January 2018 to December 2020, 276 patients were included. Ninety-one patients with tapered LVOT morphology were assigned to group 1 and the rest (n=185 patients), tubular LVOT or flared LVOT shape, to group 2. The mean age was 81.5±5.7 years and 57% were women. After adjusting by confounding factors, tapered morphology of the LVOT and prior right bundle-branch block were found to be independent predictors of permanent pacemaker implantation (hazard ratio [HR], 2.6 [95% CI, 1.2-5.7]; P=0.014; and HR: 4.3 [95% CI 2.4-7.6], P<0.001); at a median follow-up time of 15.5 (interquartile range, 15) months.ConclusionsA tapered-LVOT morphology was associated with increased risk for permanent pacemaker implantation. LVOT morphology may be an additional factor to consider when choosing prosthesis size.

| S-EPMC11681486 | biostudies-literature

Left ventricular outflow tract aneurysm in postoperative isolated ventricular inversion.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC11351290 | biostudies-literature

Innocent left ventricular outflow tract membrane masquerading as vegetation.

Project description:Innocent left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) membranes are a rare entity and found incidentally on echocardiography. The authors report a case of innocent LVOT membrane in a patient who was admitted with ischaemic stroke. Initial transthoracic echocardiography showed a possible valvular vegetation which was thought to be the cause of embolic stroke. Anticoagulation with coumadin and antibiotics were started. Subsequent Transesophageal echocardiography showed that it was more consistent with innocent LVOT membrane and not vegetation. Anticoagulation and antibiotics were discontinued, and on a follow-up over 5 years later, the membrane was stable in size and location without any complications.

| S-EPMC3863084 | biostudies-other

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