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Mechanisms of altered bone remodeling in children with type 1 diabetes.

ABSTRACT: Bone loss associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) begins at the onset of the disease, already in childhood, determining a lower bone mass peak and hence a greater risk of osteoporosis and fractures later in life. The mechanisms underlying diabetic bone fragility are not yet completely understood. Hyperglycemia and insulin deficiency can affect the bone cells functions, as well as the bone marrow fat, thus impairing the bone strength, geometry, and microarchitecture. Several factors, like insulin and growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1, can control bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell commitment, and the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand/osteoprotegerin and Wnt-b catenin pathways can impair bone turnover. Some myokines may have a key role in regulating metabolic control and improving bone mass in T1DM subjects. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying altered bone remodeling in children affected by T1DM.

SUBMITTER: Brunetti G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8311475 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mechanisms of altered bone remodeling in children with type 1 diabetes.

Brunetti Giacomina G D'Amato Gabriele G De Santis Stefania S Grano Maria M Faienza Maria Felicia MF

World journal of diabetes 20210701 7

Bone loss associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) begins at the onset of the disease, already in childhood, determining a lower bone mass peak and hence a greater risk of osteoporosis and fractures later in life. The mechanisms underlying diabetic bone fragility are not yet completely understood. Hyperglycemia and insulin deficiency can affect the bone cells functions, as well as the bone marrow fat, thus impairing the bone strength, geometry, and microarchitecture. Several factors, like ...[more]

PMID: 34326950

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Mechanisms of altered bone remodeling in children with type 1 diabetes.

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Mechanisms of altered bone remodeling in children with type 1 diabetes.

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