Dataset Information

Determination of Toxic Elements and Arsenic Species in Salted Foods and Sea Salt by ICP-MS and HPLC-ICP-MS.

ABSTRACT: Toxic elements (Cd, Pb, and As) accumulate into the environment by industrialization and natural phenomena and then pass to organisms. Analysis of toxic elements in food must be accurately carried out on a regular basis so as to avoid any adverse impact. Salted foods are difficult samples and accurate analysis of As is not easy due to salt interference. In this study, analysis of As was carried without influence of salts in three types of salted foods via an analytical method, which was validated using spiking recovery experiments and by analyzing certified reference materials. As a result, toxic elements were detected in all samples but none of these exceeded the World Health Organization recommended limits. Among the As species, arsenobetaine (AsB) was the most abundant, while inorganic As was below the detection limit in all samples. All the analyzed salted food samples appeared to be safe for consumption. In addition, the analysis of sea shrimp, freshwater shrimp, and seawater verified As bioaccumulation in these organisms from the environment.

SUBMITTER: Hwang IM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8340090 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Determination of Toxic Elements and Arsenic Species in Salted Foods and Sea Salt by ICP-MS and HPLC-ICP-MS.

Hwang In Min IM Lee Hee Min HM Lee Hae-Won HW Jung Ji-Hye JH Moon Eun Woo EW Khan Naeem N Kim Sung Hyun SH

ACS omega 20210719 30

Toxic elements (Cd, Pb, and As) accumulate into the environment by industrialization and natural phenomena and then pass to organisms. Analysis of toxic elements in food must be accurately carried out on a regular basis so as to avoid any adverse impact. Salted foods are difficult samples and accurate analysis of As is not easy due to salt interference. In this study, analysis of As was carried without influence of salts in three types of salted foods via an analytical method, which was validate ...[more]

PMID: 34368530

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Project description:Arsenic (As) compounds can be classified as organic or inorganic, with inorganic arsenic (iAs) having significantly higher toxicity than organic As. As may accumulate in food materials that have been exposed to As-contaminated environments. Thus, the "Sanitation Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Foods" published by the Ministry of Health and Welfare set the standard limits for iAs content in rice, seaweed, seafood, and marine oils to safeguard public health. Therefore, a robust analytical method must be developed to selectively and quantitatively determine iAs content in rice, seaweed, seafood, and marine oils. Herein, we reported and verified the method of combined high-performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC/ICP-MS) to determine iAs content in a wide variety of food. The fish oil samples were spiked with different concentrations of the As(III) standard solution, and their iAs analyzes were obtained via extraction procedures using the 1% (w/w) nitric acid (HNO3) solution containing 0.2 M hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under sonication. The extracts were subsequently analyzed for their As(V) contents using HPLC/ICP-MS with aqueous ammonium carbonate as the mobile phase. The As(III) species had completely oxidized into the As(V) species, which prevented interferences between organic and iAs during chromatography. The method showed good extraction efficiencies (generally >90%) for the iAs samples, and their limits of quantification in fish oil were 0.02 mg/kg. The method was verified via the iAs speciation analytes of rice, seaweed, seafood, and marine oil matrices. The average recoveries for the fortified samples of each matrix ranged from 87.5 to 112.4%, with their coefficients of variation being less than 10%. Surveillance studies were conducted on the iAs contents of food samples purchased from local Taiwanese markets. The results showed that the only Hijiki (Sargassum fusiforme) higher than the maximum limit of the sanitation standard for iAs in seaweed, whereas the remaining samples met their corresponding requirements. This method is quick and straightforward, and it can be applied for the routine analysis of iAs content in a wide variety of food products to ensure public health safety.

Project description:A new analytical procedure for the speciation of chromium (Cr) in plants by high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) was developed using a strong anion-exchange Mono Q column for the separation of the Cr species. To optimize the analytical procedure, Cr complexes were first synthesized from Cr-nitrate with the addition of an excess of ligand (90°C). Cr-oxalate, Cr-malate, Cr-citrate, Cr-aconitate and Cr-quinate complexes and Cr-nitrate (pH 6.5) were chromatographically separated from Cr(VI) by applying linear gradient elution from 100% water to 100% NH4Cl at a flow rate of 1.5 ml min-1 in 10 min. The column recoveries ranged from 100 to 104%. The exception was Cr-aconitate (column recovery 33%), where a quantitative synthesis was not possible. Good repeatability of the measurements (relative standard deviations better than ± 3%) and low limits of detection (below 0.37 ng ml-1 Cr) were achieved for the individual Cr species. The developed analytical procedure was applied to Cr speciation for dandelions (Taraxacum officinale) grown in soil with a high Cr content and a study of the uptake and metabolism of Cr species in dandelions grown in soil with a low Cr content treated with solutions of Cr(VI) or Cr-nitrate (5000 ng ml-1 Cr, pH 6.5) for 48 h. The separated Cr species were quantified by post-column isotope dilution ICP-MS, while the identification was based on retention times and was also supported by mass spectra obtained with high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). The data indicate that for dandelions grown in Cr-rich soil and that treated with Cr-nitrate (pH 6.5), the Cr was mainly accumulated in the roots, while in plants treated with Cr(VI) (pH 6.5), the Cr was evenly distributed between the roots and the leaves. The Cr species found in dandelion roots and leaves were Cr-aconitate, Cr-malate, and Cr-quinate. The results revealed that Cr(VI) was completely reduced and metabolized to Cr(III) complexes. LA-ICP-MS data showed that the Cr in a leaf of dandelion grown in Cr-rich soil was localized mainly at the apex of the leaf.

Dataset Information

Determination of Toxic Elements and Arsenic Species in Salted Foods and Sea Salt by ICP-MS and HPLC-ICP-MS.

Publications

Determination of Toxic Elements and Arsenic Species in Salted Foods and Sea Salt by ICP-MS and HPLC-ICP-MS.

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