Availability, affordability and price components of insulin products in different-level hospital pharmacies: Evidence from two cross-sectional surveys in Nanjing, China.

ABSTRACT: The essential medicine--insulin cannot be easily accessed and afforded in many countries. To help address this issue, we evaluated the availability, affordability and price of insulin products in Nanjing, eastern China. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted in 2016 and 2018. A total of 56 hospital pharmacies were sampled, using a simplified and adapted World Health Organization/Health Action International (WHO/HAI) methodology. Prices were expressed as Median Price Ratios (MPRs) to Australian Pharmaceutical Benefit Scheme (PBS) prices. In addition, we investigated the price components of seven selected insulin products as a case study before and after the Online Centralized Procurement Policy for Hospital Drugs in May, 2018. Affordability was presented as the number of daily wages of

SUBMITTER: Wang L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8360381 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature