Novel insights on gut microbiota manipulation and immune checkpoint inhibition in cancer (Review).

ABSTRACT: Cancer affects millions of individuals worldwide. Thus, there is an increased need for the development of novel effective therapeutic approaches. Tumorigenesis is often coupled with immunosuppression which defeats the anticancer immune defense mechanisms activated by the host. Novel anticancer therapies based on the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are very promising against both solid and hematological tumors, although still exhibiting heterogeneous efficacy, as well as tolerability. Such a differential response seems to derive from individual diversity, including the gut microbiota (GM) composition of specific patients. Experimental evidence supports the key role played by the GM in the activation of the immune system response against malignancies. This observation suggests to

SUBMITTER: Vivarelli S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8360620 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature