ANCA Vasculitis Induction Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Salas A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8373584 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Nov
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
ANCA Vasculitis Induction Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Salas Antonio A Kant Sam S Floyd Lauren L Kratky Vojtěch V Brix Silke R SR Prendecki Maria M Schönermarck Ulf U Scott Jennifer J Saha Manish M Gauckler Philipp P Li Tingting T Sharma Purva D PD Ayoub Isabelle I Morris Adam D AD Dhaygude Ajay P AP Hruskova Zdenka Z Tesar Vladimir V McAdoo Stephen P SP Little Mark A MA Derebail Vimal K VK Poulton Caroline J CJ Seo Philip P Kronbichler Andreas A Geetha Duvuru D
Kidney international reports 20210819 11
Similar Datasets
Project description:Since the first description of infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China in December 2019, it has evolved into a pandemic and emerged as an unprecedented worldwide crisis overwhelming healthcare systems globally. Analysis of the available literature to date suggests that, in addition to older age, patients with underlying co-morbidities including hypertension, diabetes, heart disease are at higher risk for severe disease with increased mortality. Practitioners around the world also have become increasingly concerned that immunosuppressed patients including those with autoimmune diseases may be at increased risk for developing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with serious complications. Very little is known about how anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis modifies the susceptibility, clinical presentation and disease course of COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the mechanism of action and challenges of the current therapeutic armamentarium of ANCA-associated vasculitis and outline approaches to management of ANCA-associated vasculitis during the COVID-19 pandemic.
| S-EPMC7431342 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The objective of the study is to report the outcomes of COVID-19 in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients. This was a registry-based observational study conducted at a tertiary care center in north India. AAV patients with at least one follow-up visit between March 2020 and September 2021 were included. Demographic features, clinical manifestations, disease activity, and treatment details of underlying AAV were noted in all patients. Details of COVID-19 infection including severity, treatment, and outcomes were noted. Predictors of COVID-19 severity were determined using univariate analysis. A total of 33 (18.3%) out of 180 AAV patients contracted COVID-19 infection. Moderate COVID-19 infection was seen in 33.3% and severe or critical infection was seen in 36.3% of patients. Seventeen patients (51.5%) required supplemental oxygen therapy. Nine patients had active disease at the time of COVID-19 infection and three of them died due to COVID-19 infection. The risk of COVID-19 infection and its severity did not differ between patients receiving different immunosuppressants including rituximab induction. Hypothyroidism (p = 0.046) and ocular (p = 0.038) involvement due to AAV predicted the development of moderate to severe/critical COVID-19. Three (9.1%) patients died from COVID-19 and the rate of AAV flare after COVID-19 was similar to that in non-COVID-19 patients (15.3/100 person-year vs. 15.6/100 person-year, p = 0.95). Majority of the patients with AAV had moderate to severe or critical COVID-19 infection. The rate of death due to COVID-19 in AAV is higher than in general population. Use of standard remission induction regimens did not lead to increased risk of COVID-19 infection in our AAV cohort. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00296-022-05177-2.
| S-EPMC9345388 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionThe coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought on challenges not only to acute care, but also chronic care of patients. Individuals maintained on immunosuppression appear to be especially susceptible to COVID-19 infection. Patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) frequently require immunosuppression and may be at increased risk for developing COVID-19. The incidence and impact of COVID-19 on patients with AAV is currently not known. We aimed to investigate this impact via a telephone questionnaire-based patient survey and chart review.MethodsA cross-sectional study of AAV patients followed at two centers was conducted. Data regarding demographics, disease characteristics and therapy were confirmed by chart review. A telephone survey was conducted to ascertain symptoms and contact exposure related to COVID-19, as well as changes in health care delivery during the pandemic period between January and July, 2020.ResultsOf the 206 patients surveyed, the median age was 64 years, 51% were female and mean (SD) disease duration was 7 (5) years. The majority had kidney (n = 160) and lung (n = 108) involvement. Seventy-five percent (n = 155) were receiving immunosuppression, with 77 patients (50%) receiving rituximab during the pandemic period. Of the 10 patients tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) by PCR, three were positive. Patients had a significant disruption in care; none had an in-person visit and 69% had a telemedicine consultation. Rituximab maintenance was postponed in 21 patients. Twelve patients experienced disease relapse.ConclusionThe incidence of COVID-19 in patients with AAV appears to be similar to that of the general population. For a patient population that requires active clinical surveillance, there is significant disruption in care as a result of the pandemic. Reduction of immunosuppression may not be indicated, and the risk of relapse likely far outweighs the risk of COVID-19.
| S-EPMC7543954 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe 18-month efficacy of a single course of rituximab as compared with conventional immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide followed by azathioprine in patients with severe (organ-threatening) antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis is unknown.MethodsIn a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, noninferiority trial, we compared rituximab (375 mg per square meter of body-surface area administered once a week for 4 weeks) followed by placebo with cyclophosphamide administered for 3 to 6 months followed by azathioprine for 12 to 15 months. The primary outcome measure was complete remission of disease by 6 months, with the remission maintained through 18 months.ResultsA total of 197 patients were enrolled. As reported previously, 64% of the patients in the rituximab group, as compared with 53% of the patients in the cyclophosphamide-azathioprine group, had a complete remission by 6 months. At 12 and 18 months, 48% and 39%, respectively, of the patients in the rituximab group had maintained the complete remissions, as compared with 39% and 33%, respectively, in the comparison group. Rituximab met the prespecified criteria for noninferiority (P<0.001, with a noninferiority margin of 20%). There was no significant difference between the groups in any efficacy measure, including the duration of complete remission and the frequency or severity of relapses. Among the 101 patients who had relapsing disease at baseline, rituximab was superior to conventional immunosuppression at 6 months (P=0.01) and at 12 months (P=0.009) but not at 18 months (P=0.06), at which time most patients in the rituximab group had reconstituted B cells. There was no significant between-group difference in adverse events.ConclusionsIn patients with severe ANCA-associated vasculitis, a single course of rituximab was as effective as continuous conventional immunosuppressive therapy for the induction and maintenance of remissions over the course of 18 months. (Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and others; RAVE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00104299.)
| S-EPMC5953195 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-BSST1055 | biostudies-other
Project description:In patients with GN or vasculitis, ANCAs are directed against proteinase 3 (PR3) or myeloperoxidase (MPO). The differences between PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and MPO-AAV described in the past have been supplemented during the last decade. In this review, we discuss the differences between these two small-vessel vasculitides, focusing especially on possible etiologic and pathophysiologic differences. PR3-AAV is more common in northern parts of the world, whereas MPO-AAV is more common in southern regions of Europe, Asia, and the Pacific, with the exception of New Zealand and Australia. A genetic contribution has been extensively studied, and there is a high prevalence of the HLA-DPB1*04:01 allele in patients with PR3-AAV as opposed to patients with MPO-AAV and/or healthy controls. Histologically, MPO-AAV and PR3-AAV are similar but show qualitative differences when analyzed carefully. Clinically, both serotypes are difficult to distinguish, but quantitative differences are present. More organs are affected in PR3-AAV, whereas renal limited vasculitis occurs more often in patients with MPO-AAV. For future clinical trials, we advocate classifying patients by ANCA serotype as opposed to the traditional disease type classification.
| S-EPMC4587702 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7439090 | biostudies-literature
Project description:To understand and analyse the global impact of COVID-19 on outpatient services, inpatient care, elective surgery, and perioperative colorectal cancer care, a DElayed COloRectal cancer surgery (DECOR-19) survey was conducted in collaboration with numerous international colorectal societies with the objective of obtaining several learning points from the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on our colorectal cancer patients which will assist us in the ongoing management of our colorectal cancer patients and to provide us safe oncological pathways for future outbreaks.
| 2346925 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC9050521 | biostudies-literature
Project description:There have been many problems generated by the COVID-19 pandemic. One of them is the worrying increase in the generation of medical waste due to the great risk they represent for health. Therefore, this work proposes a mathematical model for optimal solid waste management, proposing a circular value chain where all types of waste are treated in an intensified industrial park. The model selects the processing technologies and their production capacity. The problem was formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming problem to maximize profits and the waste processed, minimizing environmental impact. The proposed strategy is applied to the case study of the city of New York, where the increase in the generation of medical waste has been very significant. To promote recycling, different tax rates are proposed, depending on the amount of waste sent to the landfill. The results are presented on a Pareto curve showing the trade-off between profits and processed waste. We observed that the taxes promote recycling, even of those wastes that are not very convenient to recycle (from an economic point of view), favoring profits, reducing the environmental impact, and the risk to health inherent to the medical waste.
| S-EPMC9021047 | biostudies-literature