Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction Exacerbates Neuroinflammation via the TLR4 Pathway in Mice With Heart Failure.

ABSTRACT:

Aims

The present study aimed to investigate alterations in neuroinflammation after heart failure (HF) and explore the potential mechanisms.

Methods

Male wild-type (WT) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-knockout (KO) mice were subjected to sham operation or ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to induce HF. 8 weeks later, cardiac functions were analyzed by echocardiography, and intestinal barrier functions were examined by measuring tight junction protein expression, intestinal permeability and plasma metabolite levels. Alterations in neuroinflammation in the brain were examined by measuring microglial activation, inflammatory cytokine levels and the proinflammatory signaling pathway. The intestinal barrier protector intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) and

SUBMITTER: Huo JY 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8378453 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature