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Cerium oxide nanoparticles loaded nanofibrous membranes promote bone regeneration for periodontal tissue engineering.

ABSTRACT: Bone regeneration is a crucial part in the treatment of periodontal tissue regeneration, in which new attempts come out along with the development of nanomaterials. Herein, the effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs) on the cell behavior and function of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) was investigated. Results of CCK-8 and cell cycle tests demonstrated that CeO₂ NPs not only had good biocompatibility, but also promoted cell proliferation. Furthermore, the levels of alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralized nodule formation and expressions of osteogenic genes and proteins demonstrated CeO₂ NPs could promote osteogenesis differentiation of hPDLSCs. Then we chose electrospinning to fabricate fibrous membranes containing CeO₂ NPs. We showed that the composite membranes improved mechanical properties as well as realized release of CeO₂ NPs. We then applied the composite membranes to in vivo study in rat cranial defect models. Micro-CT and histopathological evaluations revealed that nanofibrous membranes with CeO₂ NPs further accelerated new bone formation. Those exciting results demonstrated that CeO₂ NPs and porous membrane contributed to osteogenic ability, and CeO₂ NPs contained electrospun membrane may be a promising candidate material for periodontal bone regeneration.

SUBMITTER: Ren S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8379477 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cerium oxide nanoparticles loaded nanofibrous membranes promote bone regeneration for periodontal tissue engineering.

Ren Shuangshuang S Zhou Yi Y Zheng Kai K Xu Xuanwen X Yang Jie J Wang Xiaoyu X Miao Leiying L Wei Hui H Xu Yan Y

Bioactive materials 20210605

Bone regeneration is a crucial part in the treatment of periodontal tissue regeneration, in which new attempts come out along with the development of nanomaterials. Herein, the effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs) on the cell behavior and function of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) was investigated. Results of CCK-8 and cell cycle tests demonstrated that CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs not only had good biocompatibility, but also promoted cell proliferation. Furthermore ...[more]

PMID: 34466730

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Project description:BackgroundThe immunogenicity of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is significantly enhanced after transplantation or differentiation, and these cells can be recognized and cleared by recipient immune cells. Graft rejection has become a major obstacle to improving the therapeutic effect of allogeneic MSCs or, after their differentiation, transplantation in the treatment of diabetes and other diseases. Solving this problem is helpful for prolonging the time that cells play a role in the recipient body and for significantly improving the clinical therapeutic effect.MethodsIn this study, canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) were used as seed cells, and gene editing technology was used to knock out the B2M gene in these cells and cooperate with the overexpression of the PD-L1 gene. Gene-edited ADSCs (GeADSCs), whose biological characteristics and safety are not different from those of normal canine ADSCs, have been obtained.ResultsThe immunogenicity of GeADSCs is reduced, the immune escape ability of GeADSCs is enhanced, and GeADSCs can remain in the body for a longer time. Using the optimized induction program, the efficiency of the differentiation of GeADSCs into new islet β-cells was increased, and the maturity of the new islet β-cells was increased. The immunogenicity of new islet β-cells decreased, and their immune escape ability was enhanced after the cells were transplanted into diabetic dogs (the graft site was prevascularized by the implantation of a scaffold to form a vascularized pouch). The number of infiltrating immune cells and the content of immune factors were decreased at the graft site.ConclusionsNew islet β-cell transplantation, which has low immunogenicity, can reverse diabetes in dogs, and the therapeutic effect of cell transplantation is significantly enhanced. This study provides a new method for prolonging the survival and functional time of cells in transplant recipients and significantly improving the clinical therapeutic effect.

Project description:Electrospinning technique has attracted considerable attention in fabrication of cellulose nanofibrils or nanocellulose membranes, in which polycaprolactone (PCL) could be used as a promising precursor to prepare various cellulose nanofibril membranes for periodontal tissue regeneration. Conventional bio-membranes and cellulose films used in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) can prevent the downgrowth of epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and connective tissue in the area of tooth root but have limitations related to osteogenic and antimicrobial properties. Cellulose nanofibrils can be used as an ideal drug delivery material to encapsulate and carry some drugs. In this study, magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles-incorporated PCL/gelatin core-shell nanocellulose periodontal membranes were fabricated using coaxial electrospinning technique, which was termed as Coaxial-MgO. The membranes using single-nozzle electrospinning technique, namely Blending-MgO and Blending-Blank, were used as control. The morphology and physicochemical property of these nanocellulose membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrum of X-ray (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), contact angle, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that the incorporation of MgO nanoparticles barely affected the morphology and mechanical property of nanocellulose membranes. Coaxial-MgO with core-shell fiber structure had better hydrophilic property and sustainable release of magnesium ion (Mg2+). CCK-8 cell proliferation and EdU staining demonstrated that Coaxial-MgO membranes showed better human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) proliferation rates compared with the other group due to its gelatin shell with great biocompatibility and hydrophilicity. SEM and immunofluorescence assay results illustrated that the Coaxial-MgO scaffold significantly enhanced hPDLSCs adhesion. In vitro osteogenic and antibacterial properties showed that Coaxial-MgO membrane enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, formation of mineralized nodules, osteogenic-related genes [ALP, collagen type 1 (COL1), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2)], and high antibacterial properties toward Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. a) when compared with controls. Our findings suggested that MgO nanoparticles-incorporated coaxial electrospinning PCL-derived nanocellulose periodontal membranes might have great prospects for periodontal tissue regeneration.

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Cerium oxide nanoparticles loaded nanofibrous membranes promote bone regeneration for periodontal tissue engineering.

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Cerium oxide nanoparticles loaded nanofibrous membranes promote bone regeneration for periodontal tissue engineering.

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