Normative References for Graphomotor and Latency Digital Clock Drawing Metrics for Adults Age 55 and Older: Operationalizing the Production of a Normal Appearing Clock.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Relative to the abundance of publications on dementia and clock drawing, there is limited literature operationalizing 'normal' clock production.

Objective

To operationalize subtle behavioral patterns seen in normal digital clock drawing to command and copy conditions.

Methods

From two research cohorts of cognitively-well participants age 55 plus who completed digital clock drawing to command and copy conditions (n = 430), we examined variables operationalizing clock face construction, digit placement, clock hand construction, and a variety of time-based, latency measures. Data are stratified by age, education, handedness, and number anchoring.

Results

Normative data are provided in supplementary tables. Typical errors reported in clock research with

SUBMITTER: Davoudi A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8379638 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature