Dataset Information

Connection between the Gut Microbiota of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) and Microbiota of the Pond Culture Environment.

ABSTRACT: The vital role of the gut microbiota in fish growth, development, immunity, and health has been largely confirmed. However, the interaction between environmental microbiota and the gut microbiota of aquaculture species remains unclear. Therefore, we analyzed the gut microbiota of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) collected from subtropical ponds in southern China, as well as the pond water and aquatic sediment microbiota, using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Our results demonstrated significant differences in the compositions of pond water, sediment, and the gut microbiota of largemouth bass. Moreover, these compositions changed throughout the culture period. Only approximately 1% of the bacterial species in the pond sediment and gut microbiota were exchanged. However, the bacterial proportion of the gut microbiota from pond water microbiota was approximately 7% in samples collected in June and August, which increased markedly to 73% in October. Similarly, the proportion of bacteria in the pond water microbiota from the gut microbiota was approximately 12% in June and August, which increased to 45% in October. The study findings provide basic information for understanding the interactions between environmental microbiota and the gut microbiota of cultured fish, which may contribute to improved pond culture practices for largemouth bass.

SUBMITTER: Liu Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8402112 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Connection between the Gut Microbiota of Largemouth Bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) and Microbiota of the Pond Culture Environment.

Liu Qianfu Q Lai Zini Z Gao Yuan Y Wang Chao C Zeng Yanyi Y Liu Erchun E Mai Yongzhan Y Yang Wanling W Li Haiyan H

Microorganisms 20210819 8

The vital role of the gut microbiota in fish growth, development, immunity, and health has been largely confirmed. However, the interaction between environmental microbiota and the gut microbiota of aquaculture species remains unclear. Therefore, we analyzed the gut microbiota of largemouth bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) collected from subtropical ponds in southern China, as well as the pond water and aquatic sediment microbiota, using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Our re ...[more]

PMID: 34442849

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Project description:BackgroundOocyte maturation in fish involves numerous cell signaling cascades that are activated or inhibited during specific stages of oocyte development. The objectives of this study were to characterize molecular pathways and temporal gene expression patterns throughout a complete breeding cycle in wild female largemouth bass to improve understanding of the molecular sequence of events underlying oocyte maturation.MethodsTranscriptomic analysis was performed on eight morphologically diverse stages of the ovary, including primary and secondary stages of oocyte growth, ovulation, and atresia. Ovary histology, plasma vitellogenin, 17β-estradiol, and testosterone were also measured to correlate with gene networks.ResultsGlobal expression patterns revealed dramatic differences across ovarian development, with 552 and 2070 genes being differentially expressed during both ovulation and atresia respectively. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that early primary stages of oocyte growth involved increases in expression of genes involved in pathways of B-cell and T-cell receptor-mediated signaling cascades and fibronectin regulation. These pathways as well as pathways that included adrenergic receptor signaling, sphingolipid metabolism and natural killer cell activation were down-regulated at ovulation. At atresia, down-regulated pathways included gap junction and actin cytoskeleton regulation, gonadotrope and mast cell activation, and vasopressin receptor signaling and up-regulated pathways included oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species metabolism. Expression targets for luteinizing hormone signaling were low during vitellogenesis but increased 150% at ovulation. Other networks found to play a significant role in oocyte maturation included those with genes regulated by members of the TGF-beta superfamily (activins, inhibins, bone morphogenic protein 7 and growth differentiation factor 9), neuregulin 1, retinoid X receptor, and nerve growth factor family.ConclusionsThis study offers novel insight into the gene networks underlying vitellogenesis, ovulation and atresia and generates new hypotheses about the cellular pathways regulating oocyte maturation.

Project description:Fish gut barrier damage under intensive culture model is a significant concern for aquaculture industry. This study aimed to investigate the effects of bile acids (BAs) on gut barriers in Micropterus salmoides. A germ-free (GF) zebraﬁsh model was employed to elucidate the effects of the direct stimulation of BAs and the indirect regulations mediated by the gut microbiota on gut barrier functions. Four diets were formulated with BAs supplemented at 0, 150, 300 and 450 mg/kg, and these 4 diets were defined as control, BA150, BA300 and BA450, respectively. After 5 weeks of feeding experiment, the survival rate of fish fed with BA300 diet was increased (P < 0.05). Histological analysis revealed an improvement of gut structural integrity in the BA150 and BA300 groups. Compared with the control group, the expression of genes related to chemical barrier (mucin, lysozyme and complement 1) and physical barrier (occludin and claudin-4) was increased in the BA150 and BA300 groups (P < 0.05), and the expression of genes related to immunological barrier (interleukin [IL]-6, tumor growth factor β, IL-10, macrophage galactose-type lectin and immunoglobulin M [IgM]) was significantly increased in the BA300 group (P < 0.05), but the expression of genes related to chemical barrier (hepcidin) and immunological barrier (IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6 and arginase) was significantly decreased in the BA450 group (P < 0.05). Gut microbiota composition analysis revealed that the abundance of Firmicutes was augmented prominently in the BA150 and BA300 groups (P < 0.05), while that of Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria showed a downward trend in the BA150 and BA300 groups (P > 0.05). The results of the gut microbiota transferring experiment demonstrated an upregulation of gut barrier-related genes, including immunoglobulin Z/T (IgZ/T), IL-6, IL-1β and IL-10, by the gut microbiota transferred from the BA300 group compared with the control (P < 0.05). Feeding the BA300 diet directly to GF zebraﬁsh resulted in enhanced expression of IgM, IgZ/T, lysozyme, occludin-2, IL-6 and IL-10 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, BAs can improve the gut barriers of fish through both direct and indirect effects mediated by the gut microbiota.

Project description:In order to improve the glucose utilization capacity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), responses to glucose overload between two strains (Y: breeding strain; W: wild strain) were compared at 0, 6, 12, and 24 h after glucose injection (1.67 g/kg). The data revealed that plasma glucose in the Y strain (<12 h) recovered faster than in the W strain (12 h), with the Y strain secreted more insulin within 6 h post-injection. Triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-CH) content in the Y strain increased, peaking at 12 h, then decreased, whereas the W strain's TG content was not affected and VLDL-CH content decreased. The hepatic and muscular fatty acid synthetase, liver x receptor-1, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein expressions were consistent with the TG content change. Both strains' liver and muscle glycogen contents exhibited similar trends to that of the glycogen synthase gene-increasing, then declining, and peaking at 6 and 12 h. The expression levels of hepatic and muscular phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase in the Y strain increased, peaking at 12 h. In the W strain, they were suppressed and reached the minimum at 24 h. The mRNA levels of hepatic and muscular phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase were enhanced and peaked at 24 h in both strains, hepatic isocitrate dehydrogenase-1, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex expression increased after declining, peaking at 12 and 24 h. Two genes in the W strain's muscles showed a similar trend. Both strains' transcriptome results identified seven common functional genes for resistance to hyperglycemia that were involved in the circadian rhythm pathway, which is a suggested key pathway for coping with hyperglycemia. Furthermore, 48 differential genes were identified between the two strains, and these genes were enriched in the TGF-beta and cell cycle signaling pathways, indicating that these pathways may be key factors affecting the differential responses to glucose overload. We conducted a comprehensive comparison of glucose overload molecular responses between two strains of M. salmoides, and the results can provide a promising strategy to improve the glucose utilization capacity of M. salmoides based on advantageous pre-existing traits.

Dataset Information

Connection between the Gut Microbiota of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) and Microbiota of the Pond Culture Environment.

Publications

Connection between the Gut Microbiota of Largemouth Bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) and Microbiota of the Pond Culture Environment.

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