Should Vitamin A Injections to Prevent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia or Death Be Reserved for High-Risk Infants? Reanalysis of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network Randomized Trial.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To determine whether infants at higher risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death benefit more from vitamin A therapy than those at lower risk.

Study design

We conducted a post hoc reanalysis of a landmark phase III randomized controlled trial conducted from January 1996 to July 1997 at 14 university-affiliated neonatal intensive care units in the US. Data analysis was performed from October 2019 to October 2020. Infants born weighing 401-1000 g and receiving respiratory support at 24 hours of age were assigned to intramuscular vitamin A 5000 IU or sham procedure 3 times weekly for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was BPD, defined as use of supplemental oxygen, or death at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. An externally validated model for predicting BPD or death was

SUBMITTER: Rysavy MA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8403138 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature