Species-Specific Endotoxin Stimulus Determines Toll-Like Receptor 4- and Caspase 11-Mediated Pathway Activation Characteristics.

ABSTRACT: The innate immune system is the body's first line of defense against pathogens and its protection against infectious diseases. On the surface of host myeloid cells, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) senses lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major outer membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria. Intracellularly, LPS is recognized by caspase 11 through the noncanonical inflammasome to induce pyroptosis-an inflammatory form of lytic cell death. While TLR4-mediated signaling perturbations result in secretion of cytokines and chemokines that help clear infection and facilitate adaptive immunity, caspase 11-mediated pyroptosis leads to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns and inflammatory mediators. Although the core signaling events and many associated proteins in the TLR4 signaling path

SUBMITTER: Ernst O 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8407122 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature