Associations of circulating choline and its related metabolites with cardiometabolic biomarkers: an international pooled analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Choline is an essential nutrient; however, the associations of choline and its related metabolites with cardiometabolic risk remain unclear.

Objective

We examined the associations of circulating choline, betaine, carnitine, and dimethylglycine (DMG) with cardiometabolic biomarkers and their potential dietary and nondietary determinants.

Methods

The cross-sectional analyses included 32,853 participants from 17 studies, who were free of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases, and inflammatory bowel disease. In each study, metabolites and biomarkers were log-transformed and standardized by means and SDs, and linear regression coefficients (β) and 95% CIs were estimated with adjustments for potential confounders. Study-specific results were co

SUBMITTER: Pan XF 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8408854 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature