Song type variations of Louisiana Waterthrush (Parkesia motacilla) and their geographic distributions.

ABSTRACT: Louisiana Waterthrush (Parkesia motacilla) is a familiar singer in the Western Hemisphere family Parulidae, yet apparent geographic variations in its song and potentially related causal mechanisms have not received detailed examination in previously published studies. Here, we analyzed song pattern variations of 651 Louisiana Waterthrush singers in audio spectrogram recordings obtained from our field work and publicly accessible bioacoustics archives. Visual and auditory assessment of the introductory note sequence of each song identified three distinct song types (A, B, and C) and most of the songs were assigned to one of these types. Linear Discriminant Analysis and Random Forest methods were used to verify the assignments and showed strong agreement for Type A with slightly less agreeme

SUBMITTER: Silcock WR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8409629 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature