Dataset Information

Simple indictor of increased blood culture contamination rate by detection of coagulase-negative staphylococci.

ABSTRACT: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most frequent contaminating bacteria; therefore, we aimed to investigate an indicator of CoNS to predict the increase in blood culture contamination rate (ConR). We performed a retrospective study of selected patients, who underwent blood culture testing. Contamination was defined as the presence of either one of two or more sets of skin-resident bacteria, except for cases with a low likelihood of contamination based on clinical aspects. We calculated the monthly ConR [(total number of contaminated cases per month)/(total number of blood culture sets collected per month) × 100] and analysed the ConR prediction ability using the following four indicators: the number of CoNS-positive sets of blood cultures, cases with at least one CoNS-positive blood culture set, cases with only one CoNS-positive blood culture set, and cases of contamination by CoNS. Cases with CoNS-positive blood cultures correlated with ConR (r = 0.85). Although the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the number of cases with ConR ≥ 2.5 differed significantly from that of the number of cases contaminated by CoNS, the negative predictive value was high, reaching up to 95.5% (95% confidential interval 87.3-99.1). The number of CoNS-positive cases could help predict an increase in ConR ≥ 2.5.

SUBMITTER: Yamamoto K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8413347 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Simple indictor of increased blood culture contamination rate by detection of coagulase-negative staphylococci.

Yamamoto Kei K Mezaki Kazuhisa K Ohmagari Norio N

Scientific reports 20210902 1

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most frequent contaminating bacteria; therefore, we aimed to investigate an indicator of CoNS to predict the increase in blood culture contamination rate (ConR). We performed a retrospective study of selected patients, who underwent blood culture testing. Contamination was defined as the presence of either one of two or more sets of skin-resident bacteria, except for cases with a low likelihood of contamination based on clinical aspects. We calcula ...[more]

PMID: 34475478

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Project description:BackgroundCoagulase-negative Staphylococcus species are an emerging cause of intramammary infection, posing a significant economic and public health threat. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species in bovine milk and dairy farms in Northwestern Ethiopia and to provide information about their antibiotic susceptibility and virulence gene profiles.MethodsThe cross-sectional study was conducted from February to August 2022. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species were isolated from 290 milk samples. Species isolation and identification were performed by plate culturing and biochemical tests and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of each isolate was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test. The single-plex PCR was used to detect the presence of virulent genes. The STATA software version 16 was used for data analysis. The prevalence, proportion of antimicrobial resistance and the number of virulent genes detected from coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species were analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsCoagulase-negative Staphylococcus species were isolated in 28.6%, (95% CI: 23.5-34.2) of the samples. Of these, the S. epidermidis, S. sciuri, S. warneri, S. haemolyticus, S. simulans, S. chromogens, S. cohnii, and S. captis species were isolated at the rates of 11, 5.2, 3.4, 3.1, 3.1, 1, 1, and 0.7% respectively. All the isolates showed a high percentage (100%) of resistance to Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, and Cefotetan and 37.5% of resistance to Oxacillin. The majority (54.2%) of coagulase-negative isolates also showed multidrug resistance. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species carried the icaD, pvl, mecA, hlb, sec, and hla virulent genes at the rates of 26.5%, 22.1%, 21.7%, 9.6%, 9.6% and 8.4% respectively.ConclusionThe present study revealed that the majority of the isolates (54.2%) were found multidrug-resistant and carriage of one or more virulent and enterotoxin genes responsible for intramammary and food poisoning infections. Thus, urgent disease control and prevention measures are warranted to reduce the deleterious impact of coagulase-negative species. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Ethiopia to detect coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species with their associated virulent and food poisoning genes from bovine milk.

Project description:Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare the miRNA expression in non-infected (H) mammary gland parenchyma samples with that of glands infected with coagulase-positive staphy lococci (CoPS) or coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) using next-generation sequencing. Methods: miRNA-seq analysis was performed on mammary gland parenchyma samples collected from non-infected cows and those infected with coagulase-positive or -negative staphylococci. The miRNA libraries were constructed from total RNA using NEBNext Multiplex Small RNA Library Prep Set for Illumina (New England Biolabs) according to the manufacturer protocol. The quantification of the obtained libraries was performed on a Qubit 2.0 spectrophotometer (Invitrogen, Life Technologies), while a quality control on a TapeStation 2200 instrument (D1000 ScreenTape; Agilent). Single-end cycle sequencing was performed on the HiScanSQ platform (Illumina) with the use of TruSeq SR Cluster Kit v3- CBOT-HS and TruSeq SBS Kit v 3 - HS (Illumina). MicroRNA differentially expressed between investigated groups were identified with the DESeq2 software. Results: Comparing the CoPS and H groups, 256 known and 260 potentially new miRNAs were identifed, including 32 that were diferentially expressed (p≤0.05), of which 27 were upregulated and 5 downregulated. Comparing the CoNS and H groups, 242 known and 171 new unique miRNAs were identifed: 10 were upregulated (p≤0.05), and 2 downregulated (p≤0.05). Comparing CoPS with H and CoNS with H, 5 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were identifed; in both comparisons, diferentially-expressed miRNAs were associated with the bacterial invasion of epithelial cells and focal adhesion pathways. Four gene ontology terms were identifed in each comparison, with 2 being common to both immune system processes and signal transduction. Conclusions: Obtained results enabled us to characterize the miRNA profile of the mammary gland parenchyma tissue, not only the healthy one but also the tissue infected with coagulase-positive and negative staphylococci as well as allowed identification of miRNAs differing the examined groups and characteristic for the staphylococci infection. They also indicated that miRNAs, especially miR-99 and miR-182, play an essential role in the epigenetic regulation of a range of cellular processes, including immunological systems bacterial growth in dendritic cells and disease pathogenesis (miR-99), DNA repair and tumor progression (miR-182).

Dataset Information

Simple indictor of increased blood culture contamination rate by detection of coagulase-negative staphylococci.

Publications

Simple indictor of increased blood culture contamination rate by detection of coagulase-negative staphylococci.

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