Dataset Information

Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetes: Immune Modulation in Pancreatic β Cells.

ABSTRACT: Increased incidence of type I and type II diabetes has been prevailed worldwide. Though the pathogenesis of molecular mechanisms remains still unclear, there are solid evidence that disturbed immune homeostasis leads to pancreatic β cell failure. Currently, autoimmunity and uncontrolled inflammatory signaling pathways have been considered the major factors in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Many components of immune system have been reported to implicate pancreatic β cell failure, including helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, regulatory T cells and gut microbiota. Immune modulation of those components using small molecules and antibodies, and fecal microbiota transplantation are undergoing in many clinical trials for the treatment of type I and type II diabetes. In this review we will discuss the basis of molecular pathogenesis focusing on the disturbed immune homeostasis in type I and type II diabetes, leading to pancreatic β cell destruction. Finally, we will introduce current therapeutic strategies and clinical trials by modulation of immune system for the treatment of type I and type II diabetes patients.

SUBMITTER: Jo S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8415970 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetes: Immune Modulation in Pancreatic β Cells.

Jo Sugyeong S Fang Sungsoon S

Frontiers in endocrinology 20210817

Increased incidence of type I and type II diabetes has been prevailed worldwide. Though the pathogenesis of molecular mechanisms remains still unclear, there are solid evidence that disturbed immune homeostasis leads to pancreatic β cell failure. Currently, autoimmunity and uncontrolled inflammatory signaling pathways have been considered the major factors in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Many components of immune system have been reported to implicate pancreatic β cell failure, including helper ...[more]

PMID: 34484126

Similar Datasets

Project description:Diabetes mellitus is becoming a major health burden worldwide. Pancreatic β-cell death is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the underlying mechanisms of pancreatic β-cell death remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify potential targets in the pancreatic islet of T2D. The GSE20966 dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by using the GEO2R tool. The Gene Ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were further assessed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed for the up- and downregulated genes using STRING databases and were then visualized with Cytoscape. The body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), pancreatic index and biochemistry parameters were measured in db/db mice. Moreover, the morphology of the pancreas was detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and hub genes were assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis. In total, 570 DEGs were screened, including 376 upregulated and 194 downregulated genes, which were associated with 'complement activation, classical pathway', 'proteolysis', 'complement activation' and 'pancreatic secretion pathway'. It was found that the body weight, FBG, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, fasting serum insulin, glucagon and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher in db/db mice, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and the pancreatic index were significantly decreased. Furthermore, albumin, interleukin-8, CD44, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, hepatocyte growth factor, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, histone cluster 1 H2B family member n, mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 and neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2 were identified as hub genes in PPI network. RT-qPCR and western blotting results demonstrated the same expression trend in hub genes as found by the bioinformatics analysis. Therefore, the present study identified a series of hub genes involved in the progression of pancreatic β-cell, which may help to develop effective therapeutic strategy for T2D.

Dataset Information

Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetes: Immune Modulation in Pancreatic β Cells.

Publications

Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetes: Immune Modulation in Pancreatic β Cells.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets