Assessment of Cardiovascular Functioning Among Regular Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth) Users: A Case Series.

ABSTRACT: Multiorgan toxicities have been extensively reported in kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth) users in Western countries but not in Southeast Asia. Existing literature argued that this discrepancy may be due to underreporting of kratom-related toxicity cases in Southeast Asia. Hence, this case series filled the research gap by clinically assessing the cardiovascular functioning and serum mitragynine level of regular kratom users in its traditional settings in Malaysia. Nine regular kratom users without history of polysubstance use were recruited from the same community via snowball sampling and were subjected to electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiogram assessments. Serum mitragynine analysis was also performed by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometr

SUBMITTER: Leong Bin Abdullah MFI 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8421531 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature