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Genome-wide identification, evolution, and transcript profiling of Aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily in potato during development stages and stress conditions.

ABSTRACT: The Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) superfamily comprises a group of enzymes involved in the scavenging of toxic aldehyde molecules by converting them into their corresponding non-toxic carboxylic acids. A genome-wide study in potato identified a total of 22 ALDH genes grouped into ten families that are presented unevenly throughout all the 12 chromosomes. Based on the evolutionary analysis of ALDH proteins from different plant species, ALDH2 and ALDH3 were found to be the most abundant families in the plant, while ALDH18 was found to be the most distantly related one. Gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of StALDH genes is highly tissue-specific and divergent in various abiotic, biotic, and hormonal treatments. Structural modelling and functional analysis of selected StALDH members revealed conservancy in their secondary structures and cofactor binding sites. Taken together, our findings provide comprehensive information on the ALDH gene family in potato that will help in developing a framework for further functional studies.

SUBMITTER: Islam MS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8440639 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genome-wide identification, evolution, and transcript profiling of Aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily in potato during development stages and stress conditions.

Islam Md Sifatul MS Hasan Md Soyib MS Hasan Md Nazmul MN Prodhan Shamsul H SH Islam Tahmina T Ghosh Ajit A

Scientific reports 20210914 1

The Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) superfamily comprises a group of enzymes involved in the scavenging of toxic aldehyde molecules by converting them into their corresponding non-toxic carboxylic acids. A genome-wide study in potato identified a total of 22 ALDH genes grouped into ten families that are presented unevenly throughout all the 12 chromosomes. Based on the evolutionary analysis of ALDH proteins from different plant species, ALDH2 and ALDH3 were found to be the most abundant families i ...[more]

PMID: 34521910

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Project description:The completion of the grape genome sequencing project has paved the way for novel gene discovery and functional analysis. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) comprise a gene superfamily encoding NAD(P)(+)-dependent enzymes that catalyze the irreversible oxidation of a wide range of endogenous and exogenous aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes. Although ALDHs have been systematically investigated in several plant species including Arabidopsis and rice, our knowledge concerning the ALDH genes, their evolutionary relationship and expression patterns in grape has been limited.A total of 23 ALDH genes were identified in the grape genome and grouped into ten families according to the unified nomenclature system developed by the ALDH Gene Nomenclature Committee (AGNC). Members within the same grape ALDH families possess nearly identical exon-intron structures. Evolutionary analysis indicates that both segmental and tandem duplication events have contributed significantly to the expansion of grape ALDH genes. Phylogenetic analysis of ALDH protein sequences from seven plant species indicates that grape ALDHs are more closely related to those of Arabidopsis. In addition, synteny analysis between grape and Arabidopsis shows that homologs of a number of grape ALDHs are found in the corresponding syntenic blocks of Arabidopsis, suggesting that these genes arose before the speciation of the grape and Arabidopsis. Microarray gene expression analysis revealed large number of grape ALDH genes responsive to drought or salt stress. Furthermore, we found a number of ALDH genes showed significantly changed expressions in responses to infection with different pathogens and during grape berry development, suggesting novel roles of ALDH genes in plant-pathogen interactions and berry development.The genome-wide identification, evolutionary and expression analysis of grape ALDH genes should facilitate research in this gene family and provide new insights regarding their evolution history and functional roles in plant stress tolerance.

Project description:BackgroundAldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) represent a group of enzymes that detoxify aldehydes by facilitating their oxidation to carboxylic acids, and have been shown to play roles in plant response to abiotic stresses. However, the comprehensive analysis of ALDH superfamily in soybean (Glycine max) has been limited.ResultsIn present study, a total of 53 GmALDHs were identified in soybean, and grouped into 10 ALDH families according to the ALDH Gene Nomenclature Committee and phylogenetic analysis. These groupings were supported by their gene structures and conserved motifs. Soybean ALDH superfamily expanded mainly by whole genome duplication/segmental duplications. Gene network analysis identified 1146 putative co-functional genes of 51 GmALDHs. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis suggested the co-functional genes of these 51 GmALDHs were enriched (FDR < 1e-3) in the process of lipid metabolism, photosynthesis, proline catabolism, and small molecule catabolism. In addition, 22 co-functional genes of GmALDHs are related to plant response to water deprivation/water transport. GmALDHs exhibited various expression patterns in different soybean tissues. The expression levels of 13 GmALDHs were significantly up-regulated and 14 down-regulated in response to water deficit. The occurrence frequencies of three drought-responsive cis-elements (ABRE, CRT/DRE, and GTGCnTGC/G) were compared in GmALDH genes that were up-, down-, or non-regulated by water deficit. Higher frequency of these three cis-elements was observed for the group of up-regulated GmALDH genes as compared to the group of down- or non- regulated GmALDHs by drought stress, implying their potential roles in the regulation of soybean response to drought stress.ConclusionsA total of 53 ALDH genes were identified in soybean genome and their phylogenetic relationships and duplication patterns were analyzed. The potential functions of GmALDHs were predicted by analyses of their co-functional gene networks, gene expression profiles, and cis-regulatory elements. Three GmALDH genes, including GmALDH3H2, GmALDH12A2 and GmALDH18B3, were highly induced by drought stress in soybean leaves. Our study provides a foundation for future investigations of GmALDH gene function in soybean.

Dataset Information

Genome-wide identification, evolution, and transcript profiling of Aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily in potato during development stages and stress conditions.

Publications

Genome-wide identification, evolution, and transcript profiling of Aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily in potato during development stages and stress conditions.

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