Dataset Information

COVID-19's impact on Australian wine markets and regions.

ABSTRACT: This paper provides an empirical case study of impacts of COVID-19 on Australia's wine sector. Wine exports were subject to disruptions and, like domestic wine sales, were adversely affected not only by temporary declines in consumers' expected incomes but also by the social distancing measures and self-isolation that led to closure of restaurants, bars, cafes and clubs plus declines in international travel and tourism. Partly offsetting this has been a boost to off-premise and direct e-commerce sales. We first estimate those impacts and their expected partial recovery in 2021 using a new model of global beverage markets. Then, we add results on regional effects, including through domestic wine tourism, using a new economy-wide model with sub-national regions. The paper concludes by drawing lessons on how this sector's resilience to future global shocks could be strengthened.

SUBMITTER: Wittwer G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8441816 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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COVID-19's impact on Australian wine markets and regions.

Wittwer Glyn G Anderson Kym K

The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics 20210809 4

This paper provides an empirical case study of impacts of COVID-19 on Australia's wine sector. Wine exports were subject to disruptions and, like domestic wine sales, were adversely affected not only by temporary declines in consumers' expected incomes but also by the social distancing measures and self-isolation that led to closure of restaurants, bars, cafes and clubs plus declines in international travel and tourism. Partly offsetting this has been a boost to off-premise and direct e-commerce ...[more]

PMID: 34539220

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Project description:BackgroundChanges to drug markets can affect drug use and related harms. We aimed to describe market trends of heroin, methamphetamine, cocaine and ecstasy in Australia following the introduction of COVID-19 pandemic-associated restrictions.MethodsAustralians residing in capital cities who regularly inject drugs (n ∼= 900 each year) or regularly use ecstasy and/or other illicit stimulants (n ∼= 800 each year) participated in annual interviews 2014-2022. We used self-reported market indicators (price, availability, and purity) for heroin, crystal methamphetamine, cocaine, and ecstasy crystal to estimate generalised additive models. Observations from the 2014-2019 surveys were used to establish the pre-pandemic trend; 2020, 2021 and 2022 observations were considered immediate, short-term and longer-term changes since the introduction of pandemic restrictions.ResultsImmediate impacts on market indicators were observed for heroin and methamphetamine in 2020 relative to the 2014-2019 trend; price per cap/point increased (β: A$9.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.25-17.1 and β: A$40.3, 95% CI: 33.1-47.5, respectively), while perceived availability (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] for 'easy'/'very easy' to obtain: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.24-0.59 and aOR: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.03-0.25, respectively) and perceived purity (aOR for 'high' purity: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.23-0.54 and aOR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.20-0.54, respectively) decreased. There was no longer evidence for change in 2021 or 2022 relative to the 2014-2019 trend. Changes to ecstasy and cocaine markets were most evident in 2022 relative to the pre-pandemic trend: price per gram increased (β: A$92.8, 95% CI: 61.6-124 and β: A$24.3, 95% CI: 7.93-40.6, respectively) and perceived purity decreased (aOR for 'high purity': 0.18, 95% CI: 0.09-0.35 and 0.57, 95% CI: 0.36-0.90, respectively), while ecstasy was also perceived as less easy to obtain (aOR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.09-0.35).ConclusionThere were distinct disruptions to illicit drug markets in Australia after the COVID-19 pandemic began; the timing and magnitude varied by drug.

Dataset Information

COVID-19's impact on Australian wine markets and regions.

Publications

COVID-19's impact on Australian wine markets and regions.

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