The Etiology of Pneumonia in HIV-1-infected South African Children in the Era of Antiretroviral Treatment: Findings From the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) Study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

HIV-1 infection predisposes to an increased burden of pneumonia caused by community-acquired and opportunistic pathogens.

Methods

Within the context of the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health case-control study of under 5 pneumonia, we investigated the etiology of World Health Organization-defined severe/very severe pneumonia requiring hospitalization in South African HIV-infected children. Nasopharyngeal-oropharyngeal swabs and blood, collected from cases and age- and season-matched HIV-infected controls attending outpatient antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics, were analyzed using molecular diagnostic methods. Cases were also investigated for tuberculosis. Etiologic fractions among cases with radiologically confirmed pneumonia were derived using Bayesia

SUBMITTER: Moore DP 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8448402 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature