Rapid, continuous projection multi-photon 3D printing enabled by spatiotemporal focusing of femtosecond pulses.

ABSTRACT: There is demand for scaling up 3D printing throughput, especially for the multi-photon 3D printing process that provides sub-micrometer structuring capabilities required in diverse fields. In this work, high-speed projection multi-photon printing is combined with spatiotemporal focusing for fabrication of 3D structures in a rapid, layer-by-layer, and continuous manner. Spatiotemporal focusing confines printing to thin layers, thereby achieving print thicknesses on the micron and sub-micron scale. Through projection of dynamically varying patterns with no pause between patterns, a continuous fabrication process is established. A numerical model for computing spatiotemporal focusing and imaging is also presented which is verified by optical imaging and printing results. Complex 3D structures

SUBMITTER: Somers P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8463698 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature