Dataset Information

Effects of Heat-Killed Levilactobacillus brevis KB290 in Combination with β-Carotene on Influenza Virus Infection in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

ABSTRACT: Influenza, a seasonal acute respiratory disease caused primarily by the influenza virus A or B, manifests with severe symptoms leading to considerable morbidity and mortality and is a major concern worldwide. Therefore, effective preventive measures against it are required. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the preventive effects of heat-killed Levilactobacillus brevis KB290 (KB290) in combination with β-carotene (βC) on influenza virus infections in healthy Japanese subjects aged between 20 and 59 y throughout the winter season. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial from 16 December 2019 to 8 March 2020, comparing KB290 + βC beverage with placebo beverage. The primary endpoint was the incidence of influenza based on a doctor's certificate. The incidence of influenza was not significantly different between the two groups. However, the subgroup analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups (influenza incidence: the KB290 + βC group 1.9%, and the placebo group 3.9%) in the subgroup of subjects aged ˂40 y, but not in the subgroup of subjects aged ≥40 y. The results of this trial suggest that the combination of KB290 and βC might be a possible candidate supplement for protection against the seasonal influenza virus infection in humans aged <40 y, although further clinical studies are needed to confirm the concrete preventive effect of this combination on influenza.

SUBMITTER: Satomi S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8467669 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of Heat-Killed <i>Levilactobacillus brevis</i> KB290 in Combination with β-Carotene on Influenza Virus Infection in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Satomi Shohei S Waki Naoko N Arakawa Chinatsu C Fujisawa Kazuhiko K Suzuki Shigenori S Suganuma Hiroyuki H

Nutrients 20210830 9

Influenza, a seasonal acute respiratory disease caused primarily by the influenza virus A or B, manifests with severe symptoms leading to considerable morbidity and mortality and is a major concern worldwide. Therefore, effective preventive measures against it are required. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the preventive effects of heat-killed <i>Levilactobacillus brevis</i> KB290 (KB290) in combination with β-carotene (βC) on influenza virus infections in healthy Japanese subjects aged bet ...[more]

PMID: 34578917

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Project description:BackgroundProteostasis is a critical aging hallmark responsible for removing damaged or misfolded proteins and their aggregates by improving proteasomal degradation through the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP) and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Research on the impact of heat-killed probiotic bacteria and their structural components on aging hallmarks and innate immune responses is scarce, yet enhancing these effects could potentially delay age-related diseases.ResultsThis study introduces a novel heat-killed Levilactobacillus brevis strain MKAK9 (HK MKAK9), along with its exopolysaccharide (EPS), demonstrating their ability to extend longevity by improving proteostasis and immune responses in wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans. We elucidate the underlying mechanisms through a comprehensive approach involving mRNA- and small RNA sequencing, proteomic analysis, lifespan assays on loss-of-function mutants, and quantitative RT-PCR. Mechanistically, HK MKAK9 and its EPS resulted in downregulation of the insulin-like signaling pathway in a DAF-16-dependent manner, enhancing protein ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation through activation of the ALP pathway, which is partially mediated by microRNA mir-243. Importantly, autophagosomes engulf ubiquitinylated proteins, as evidenced by increased expression of the autophagy receptor sqst-3, and subsequently fuse with lysosomes, facilitated by increased levels of the lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP) lmp-1, suggesting the formation of autolysosomes for degradation of the selected cargo. Moreover, HK MKAK9 and its EPS activated the p38 MAPK pathway and its downstream SKN-1 transcription factor, which are known to regulate genes involved in innate immune response (thn-1, ilys-1, cnc-2, spp-9, spp-21, clec-47, and clec-266) and antioxidation (sod-3 and gst-44), thereby reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at both cellular and mitochondrial levels. Notably, SOD-3 emerged as a transcriptional target of both DAF-16 and SKN-1 transcription factors.ConclusionOur research sets a benchmark for future investigations by demonstrating that heat-killed probiotic and its specific cellular component, EPS, can downregulate the insulin-signaling pathway, potentially improving the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP) for degrading ubiquitinylated proteins and promoting organismal longevity. Additionally, we discovered that increased expression of microRNA mir-243 regulates insulin-like signaling and its downstream ALP pathway. Our findings also indicate that postbiotic treatment may bolster antioxidative and innate immune responses, offering a promising avenue for interventions in aging-related diseases.

Project description:BackgroundA growing number of in vitro and in vivo studies suggest the application of probiotics as a natural approach to maintaining oral health. This double-blind, randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Levilactobacillus brevis CD2 (CNCM I-5566), a multifunctional probiotic frequently used in oral medicine, in preserving or improving several recognized oral health indicators.MethodsThirty consenting healthy adults were randomized to receive four lozenges per day of L. brevis CD2 probiotic (n = 15) or placebo (n = 15) over four weeks. Clinical parameters (full-mouth bleeding on probing (BoP) and plaque index (PI) scores) were recorded. Unstimulated saliva was collected to measure salivation rate, pH, and buffer capacity. Salivary biomarkers were analyzed, including glucose, D-lactate, and secretory immunoglobulins A (sIgA). Clinical and salivary parameters were assessed at baseline, after four weeks of intervention, and two weeks post-intervention. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and robust regression analysis were used for statistical comparisons. The possible mediating effect of PI on BoP changes was assessed.ResultsAfter four weeks, the probiotic group showed significant improvements in BoP and PI compared to baseline and placebo. The probiotic group had a higher salivation rate than baseline and placebo after four weeks of treatment and washout. While changes in salivary pH were not significant, buffering capacity increased in the probiotic group after four weeks of treatment and washout. Salivary glucose and D-lactate levels were lower in the probiotic group post-treatment and after washout. sIgA values increased and remained stable after washout in the probiotic group. No adverse effects were reported.ConclusionsThe treatment with L. brevis CD2 significantly improved clinical and salivary parameters, supporting its efficacy as a probiotic for oral health.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov , NCT06457724; Registered 7 June 2024 - Retrospectively registered; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06457724?viewType=Table&page=452&rank=4512#study-overview .

Dataset Information

Effects of Heat-Killed Levilactobacillus brevis KB290 in Combination with β-Carotene on Influenza Virus Infection in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Publications

Effects of Heat-Killed <i>Levilactobacillus brevis</i> KB290 in Combination with β-Carotene on Influenza Virus Infection in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

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