Dataset Information

Long-Term Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease.

ABSTRACT: Background Aortic stenosis is prevalent in end-stage renal disease. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a plausible alternative for surgical aortic valve replacement. However, little is known regarding long-term outcomes in patients with end-stage renal disease who undergo TAVR. Methods and Results We identified all patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent TAVR from 2011 through 2016 using the United States Renal Data System. The primary end point was 5-year mortality after TAVR. Factors associated with 1- and 5-year mortality were analyzed. A total of 3883 TAVRs were performed for patients with end-stage renal disease. Mortality was 5.8%, 43.7%, and 88.8% at 30 days, 1 year, and 5 years, respectively. Case volumes increased rapidly from 17 in 2011 to 1495 in 2016. Thirty-day mortality demonstrated a dramatic reduction from 11.1% in 2012 to 2.5% in 2016 (P=0.01). Age 75 or older (hazard ratio [HR], 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.23 [P=0.002]), body mass index <25 (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.08-1.28 [P<0.001]), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.1-1.35 [P<0.001]), diabetes mellitus as the cause of dialysis (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.11-1.35 [P<0.001]), hypertension as the cause of dialysis (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.06-1.29 [P=0.004]), and White race (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.06-1.3 [P=0.002]) were independently associated with 5-year mortality. Conclusions Short-term outcomes of TAVR in patients with end-stage renal disease have improved significantly. However, long-term mortality of patients on dialysis remains high.

SUBMITTER: Ogami T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8475055 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Long-Term Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease.

Ogami Takuya T Kurlansky Paul P Takayama Hiroo H Ning Yuming Y Ali Ziad A ZA Nazif Tamim M TM Vahl Torsten P TP Khalique Omar O Patel Amisha A Hamid Nadira N Ng Vivian G VG Hahn Rebecca T RT Avgerinos Dimitrios V DV Leon Martin B MB Kodali Susheel K SK George Isaac I

Journal of the American Heart Association 20210813 16

Background Aortic stenosis is prevalent in end-stage renal disease. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a plausible alternative for surgical aortic valve replacement. However, little is known regarding long-term outcomes in patients with end-stage renal disease who undergo TAVR. Methods and Results We identified all patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent TAVR from 2011 through 2016 using the United States Renal Data System. The primary end point was 5-year mortality aft ...[more]

PMID: 34387093

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Project description:BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have been associated with worse outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). With TAVR indications extending to a wider range of patient populations, it is important to understand the current implications of chronic renal insufficiency on clinical outcomes. We aim to determine the impact of CKD and ESRD on in-hospital outcomes after TAVR.MethodsWe queried the National Inpatient Sample for TAVR performed between 2016 and 2020 using International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision codes. We compared in-hospital mortality and clinical outcomes between three groups: normal renal function, CKD and ESRD. The association between CKD/ESRD and outcomes was tested with multivariable logistic regression analyses, using normal renal function as baseline.ResultsIn the five-year study period, 279,195 patients underwent TAVR (mean age 78.9 ± 8.5 years, 44.4% female). Of all patients, 67.1% had normal renal function, 29.2% had CKD, and 3.7% had ESRD. There were significant differences in age, sex, and prevalence of comorbidities across groups. In-hospital mortality was 1.3%. Compared to patients with normal renal function, patients with renal insufficiency had higher in-hospital mortality, with the highest risk found in patients with ESRD (adjusted odds ratio: 1.4 [95% confidence interval: 1.2-1.7] for CKD; adjusted odds ratio: 2.4 [95% confidence interval: 1.8-3.3] for ESRD). Patients with CKD or ESRD had a higher risk of cardiogenic shock, need for mechanical circulatory support, and vascular access complications, compared to those with normal renal function. In addition, patients with ESRD had a higher risk of cardiac arrest and periprocedural acute myocardial infarction. The incidence of conversion to open heart surgery was 0.3% and did not differ between groups. Post-procedural infectious and respiratory complications were more common among patients with CKD or ESRD.ConclusionPatients with CKD and ESRD are at higher risk of in-hospital mortality, cardiovascular, and non-cardiovascular complications after TAVR. The risk of complications is highest in patients with ESRD and does not result in more frequent conversion to open heart surgery. These results emphasize the importance of individualized patient selection for TAVR and procedural planning among patients with chronic renal insufficiency.

Project description:BackgroundThe approved use of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for aortic stenosis has expanded substantially over time. However, gaps remain with respect to accurately delineating risk for poor clinical and patient-centered outcomes. Our objective was to develop prediction models for 30-day clinical and patient-centered outcomes after TAVR within a large, diverse community-based population.MethodsWe identified all adults who underwent TAVR between 2013-2019 at Kaiser Permanente Northern California, an integrated healthcare delivery system, and were monitored for the following 30-day outcomes: all-cause death, improvement in quality of life, all-cause hospitalizations, all-cause emergency department (ED) visits, heart failure (HF)-related hospitalizations, and HF-related ED visits. We developed prediction models using gradient boosting machines using linked demographic, clinical and other data from the Society for Thoracic Surgeons (STS)/American College of Cardiology (ACC) TVT Registry and electronic health records. We evaluated model performance using area under the curve (AUC) for model discrimination and associated calibration plots. We also evaluated the association of individual predictors with outcomes using logistic regression for quality of life and Cox proportional hazards regression for all other outcomes.ResultsWe identified 1,565 eligible patients who received TAVR. The risks of adverse 30-day post-TAVR outcomes ranged from 1.3% (HF hospitalizations) to 15.3% (all-cause ED visits). In models with the highest discrimination, discrimination was only moderate for death (AUC 0.60) and quality of life (AUC 0.62), but better for HF-related ED visits (AUC 0.76). Calibration also varied for different outcomes. Importantly, STS risk score only independently predicted death and all-cause hospitalization but no other outcomes. Older age also only independently predicted HF-related ED visits, and race/ethnicity was not significantly associated with any outcomes.ConclusionsDespite using a combination of detailed STS/ACC TVT Registry and electronic health record data, predicting short-term clinical and patient-centered outcomes after TAVR remains challenging. More work is needed to identify more accurate predictors for post-TAVR outcomes to support personalized clinical decision making and monitoring strategies.

Project description:ObjectiveTo identify outcomes of patients undergoing emergency transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and determine predictors of in-hospital mortality.BackgroundEmergency TAVR has emerged as a viable treatment strategy for patients with decompensated severe aortic stenosis and/or regurgitation; however, data on patients undergoing emergency TAVR are limited.MethodsAll emergency TAVR procedures were identified from a single tertiary academic center between January 2015 and August 2018.Results31 patients underwent emergency TAVR due to cardiogenic shock (26 patients), electrical instability with incessant ventricular tachycardia (2 patients), severe refractory angina (2 patients), and decompensated heart failure with hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation (1 patient). Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) was used in 16 (51.6%). MCS initiation occurred immediately prior to TAVR in 10 patients and placed post-TAVR in 6 patients. 6 patients died before hospital discharge (in-hospital mortality 19.4%). 1-year and 2-year survival rates were 61.0% and 55.9%, respectively. Univariate predictors of in-hospital mortality were preprocedural pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPi) ≤1.8 (66.7% vs. 20.0%, p=0.01), intraprocedural cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (83.3% vs 4.0%, p ≤ 0.001), acute kidney injury post-TAVR (80.0% vs. 4.2%, p ≤ 0.001), initiation of dialysis post-TAVR (60.0% vs. 4.2%, p ≤ 0.001), and MCS initiation post-TAVR (50.0% vs. 12.0%, p=0.03). MCS initiation before TAVR was associated with improved survival compared with post-TAVR initiation.ConclusionEmergency TAVR in extreme risk patients with acute decompensated heart failure or cardiogenic shock secondary to severe aortic valve disease is associated with high in-hospital mortality rates. Careful patient selection taking into account right heart function, assessed by PAPi, and early utilization of MCS may improve survival following emergency TAVR.

Dataset Information

Long-Term Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease.

Publications

Long-Term Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease.

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