Dataset Information

Identification of novel cyclic nucleotide binding proteins in Trypanosoma cruzi.

ABSTRACT: Cyclic AMP has been implicated as second messenger in a wide range of cellular processes. In the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, cAMP is involved in the development of the parasite's life cycle. While cAMP effectors have been widely studied in other eukaryotic cells, little is known about cAMP's mechanism of action in T. cruzi. To date, only a cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) has been cloned and characterised in this parasite; however experimental evidence indicates the existence of cAMP-dependent, PKA-independent events. In order to identify new cAMP binding proteins as potential cAMP effectors, we carried out in silico studies using the predicted T. cruzi proteome. Using a combination of search methods 27 proteins with putative cNMP binding domains (CBDs) were identified. Phylogenetic analysis of the CBDs presented a homogeneous distribution, with sequences segregated into two main branches: one containing kinases-like proteins and the other gathering hypothetical proteins with different function or no other known. Comparative modelling of the strongest candidates provides support for the hypothesis that these proteins may give rise to structurally viable cyclic nucleotide binding domains. Pull-down and nucleotide displacement assays strongly suggest that TcCLB.508523.80 could bind cAMP and eventually be a new putative PKA-independent cAMP effector in T. cruzi.

SUBMITTER: Jager AV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8486353 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of novel cyclic nucleotide binding proteins in Trypanosoma cruzi.

Jäger Adriana V AV De Gaudenzi Javier G JG Mild Jesica G JG Mc Cormack Bárbara B Pantano Sergio S Altschuler Daniel L DL Edreira Martin M MM

Molecular and biochemical parasitology 20141201 2

Cyclic AMP has been implicated as second messenger in a wide range of cellular processes. In the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, cAMP is involved in the development of the parasite's life cycle. While cAMP effectors have been widely studied in other eukaryotic cells, little is known about cAMP's mechanism of action in T. cruzi. To date, only a cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) has been cloned and characterised in this parasite; however experimental evidence indicates the existence of c ...[more]

PMID: 25724722

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Project description:Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, encodes a number of different cAMP-specific PDE (phosphodiesterase) families. Here we report the identification and characterization of TcrPDEB1 and its comparison with the previously identified TcrPDEB2 (formerly known as TcPDE1). These are two different PDE enzymes of the TcrPDEB family, named in accordance with the recent recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee for Kinetoplast PDEs [Kunz, Beavo, D'Angelo, Flawia, Francis, Johner, Laxman, Oberholzer, Rascon, Shakur et al. (2006) Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 145, 133-135]. Both enzymes show resistance to inhibition by many mammalian PDE inhibitors, and those that do inhibit do so with appreciable differences in their inhibitor profiles for the two enzymes. Both enzymes contain two GAF (cGMP-specific and -stimulated phosphodiesterases, Anabaena adenylate cyclases and Escherichia coli FhlA) domains and a catalytic domain highly homologous with that of the T. brucei TbPDE2/TbrPDEB2 family. The N-terminus+GAF-A domains of both enzymes showed significant differences in their affinities for cyclic nucleotide binding. Using a calorimetric technique that allows accurate measurements of low-affinity binding sites, the TcrPDEB2 N-terminus+GAF-A domain was found to bind cAMP with an affinity of approximately 500 nM. The TcrPDEB1 N-terminus+GAF-A domain bound cAMP with a slightly lower affinity of approximately 1 muM. The N-terminus+GAF-A domain of TcrPDEB1 did not bind cGMP, whereas the N-terminus+GAF-A domain of TcrPDEB2 bound cGMP with a low affinity of approximately 3 muM. GAF domains homologous with those found in these proteins were also identified in related trypanosomatid parasites. Finally, a fluorescent cAMP analogue, MANT-cAMP [2'-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl)adenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate], was found to be a substrate for the TcPDEB1 catalytic domain, opening the possibility of using this molecule as a substrate in non-radioactive, fluorescence-based PDE assays, including screening for trypanosome PDE inhibitors.

Project description:Contractile vacuole complexes are critical components of cell volume regulation and have been shown to have other functional roles in several free-living protists. However, very little is known about the functions of the contractile vacuole complex of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, other than a role in osmoregulation. Identification of the protein composition of these organelles is important for understanding their physiological roles. We applied a combined proteomic and bioinfomatic approach to identify proteins localized to the contractile vacuole. Proteomic analysis of a T. cruzi fraction enriched for contractile vacuoles and analyzed by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis and LC-MS/MS resulted in the addition of 109 newly detected proteins to the group of expressed proteins of epimastigotes. We also identified different peptides that map to at least 39 members of the dispersed gene family 1 (DGF-1) providing evidence that many members of this family are simultaneously expressed in epimastigotes. Of the proteins present in the fraction we selected several homologues with known localizations in contractile vacuoles of other organisms and others that we expected to be present in these vacuoles on the basis of their potential roles. We determined the localization of each by expression as GFP-fusion proteins or with specific antibodies. Six of these putative proteins (Rab11, Rab32, AP180, ATPase subunit B, VAMP1, and phosphate transporter) predominantly localized to the vacuole bladder. TcSNARE2.1, TcSNARE2.2, and calmodulin localized to the spongiome. Calmodulin was also cytosolic. Our results demonstrate the utility of combining subcellular fractionation, proteomic analysis, and bioinformatic approaches for localization of organellar proteins that are difficult to detect with whole cell methodologies. The CV localization of the proteins investigated revealed potential novel roles of these organelles in phosphate metabolism and provided information on the potential participation of adaptor protein complexes in their biogenesis.

Dataset Information

Identification of novel cyclic nucleotide binding proteins in Trypanosoma cruzi.

Publications

Identification of novel cyclic nucleotide binding proteins in Trypanosoma cruzi.

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