Dataset Information

Autopsych: An R Shiny tool for the reproducible Rasch analysis, differential item functioning, equating, and examination of group effects.

ABSTRACT: In this paper, we present autopsych, a novel online tool that allows school assessment experts, test developers, and researchers to perform routine psychometric analyses and equating of student test data and to examine the effect of student demographic and group conditions on student test performance. The app extends current open-source software by providing (1) extensive embedded result narration and summaries for written reports, (2) improved handling of partial credit data via customizable item-person Wright maps, (3) customizable item- and person-flagging systems, (4) item-response theory model constraints and controls, (5) many-facets Rasch analysis to examine item bias, (6) Rasch fixed item equating for mapping student ability across test forms, (7) tabbed spreadsheet outputs and immediate options for secondary data analysis, (8) customizable graphical color schemes, (9) extended ANOVA analysis for examining group differences, and (10) inter-rater reliability analyses for the verifying the consistency of rater scoring systems. We present the app's architecture and functionalities and test its performance with simulated and real-world small-, medium-, and large-scale assessment data. Implications and planned future developments are also discussed.

SUBMITTER: Courtney MGR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8505029 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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autopsych: An R Shiny tool for the reproducible Rasch analysis, differential item functioning, equating, and examination of group effects.

Courtney Matthew G R MGR Chang Kevin C T KCT Mei Bing B Meissel Kane K Rowe Luke I LI Issayeva Laila B LB

PloS one 20211011 10

In this paper, we present autopsych, a novel online tool that allows school assessment experts, test developers, and researchers to perform routine psychometric analyses and equating of student test data and to examine the effect of student demographic and group conditions on student test performance. The app extends current open-source software by providing (1) extensive embedded result narration and summaries for written reports, (2) improved handling of partial credit data via customizable it ...[more]

PMID: 34634792

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Project description:ObjectiveTo assess differential item functioning (DIF) in an item pool measuring the mobility of hospitalized patients across educational, age, and sex groups.DesignMeasurement evaluation cohort study. Content experts generated DIF hypotheses to guide the interpretation. The graded response item response theory (IRT) model was used. Primary DIF tests were Wald statistics; sensitivity analyses were conducted using the IRT ordinal logistic regression procedure. Magnitude and impact were evaluated by examining group differences in expected item and scale score functions.SettingHospital-based rehabilitation.ParticipantsHospitalized patients (N=2216).InterventionsNot applicable.Main outcome measuresA total of 111 self-reported mobility items.ResultsTwo linking items among those used to set the metric across forms evidenced DIF for sex and age: "difficulty climbing stairs step-over-step without a handrail (alternating feet)" and "difficulty climbing 3-5 steps without a handrail." Conditional on the mobility state, the items were more difficult for women and older people (aged ≥65y). An additional 18 items were identified with DIF. Items with both high DIF magnitude and hypotheses related to age were difficulty "crossing road at a 4-lane traffic light with curbs," "jumping/landing on one leg," "strenuous activities," and "descending 3-5 steps with no handrail." Although DIF of higher magnitude was observed for several items, the scale-level effect was relatively small and the exposure rate for the most problematic items was low (0.35, 0.27, and 0.20).ConclusionsThis was the first study to evaluate measurement equivalence of the hospital-based rehabilitation mobility item bank. Although 20 items evidenced high magnitude DIF, 5 of which were related to stairs, the scale-level effect was minimal; however, it is recommended that such items be avoided in the development of short-form measures. No items with salient DIF were removed from calibrations, supporting the use of the item bank across groups differing in education, age, and sex. The bank may thus be useful to assist clinical assessment and decision-making regarding risk for specific mobility restrictions at discharge as well as identifying mobility-related functions targeted for postdischarge interventions. Additionally, with the goal of avoiding long and burdensome assessments for patients and clinical staff, these results could be informative for those using the item bank to construct short forms.

Dataset Information

Autopsych: An R Shiny tool for the reproducible Rasch analysis, differential item functioning, equating, and examination of group effects.

Publications

autopsych: An R Shiny tool for the reproducible Rasch analysis, differential item functioning, equating, and examination of group effects.

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