Dataset Information

Composition and Protein Precipitation Capacity of Condensed Tannins in Purple Prairie Clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.).

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine the concentration and composition of condensed tannins (CT) in different tissues of purple prairie clover (PPC; Dalea purpurea Vent.) at different maturities and to determine their protein-precipitating capacity. The compositions of CT were elucidated after thiolysis with benzyl mercaptan followed by high-performance liquid-chromatography (HPLC) and ¹H-¹³C heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) NMR spectroscopy. The results indicated that PPC flowering heads contained the highest CT concentration. Purple prairie clover CT consisted mainly of epicatechin (EC) and epigallocatechin (EGC) subunits. CT in the leaves were composed of more EC and less EGC than CT in stems and flowering heads at both the early flowering (EF) and late flowering (LF) head stages. The mean degree of polymerization was the highest for CT in stems and increased with maturity. CT isolated from PPC leaves at the early flowering head stage exhibited the greatest biological activity in terms of protein precipitation. Overall, the CT in PPC were predominantly procyanidins and the concentration and composition varied among the plant tissues and with maturity.

SUBMITTER: Huang Q

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8509305 | biostudies-literature | 2021

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Composition and Protein Precipitation Capacity of Condensed Tannins in Purple Prairie Clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.).

Huang Qianqian Q Hu Tianming T Xu Zhongjun Z Jin Long L McAllister Tim A TA Acharya Surya S Zeller Wayne E WE Mueller-Harvey Irene I Wang Yuxi Y

Frontiers in plant science 20210928

This study aimed to determine the concentration and composition of condensed tannins (CT) in different tissues of purple prairie clover (PPC; Dalea purpurea Vent.) at different maturities and to determine their protein-precipitating capacity. The compositions of CT were elucidated after thiolysis with benzyl mercaptan followed by high-performance liquid-chromatography (HPLC) and 1H-13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) NMR spectroscopy. The results indica ...[more]

PMID: 34650577

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Project description:Background:Incorporation of legume species into native North American pastures is considered an effective method to increase native pasture productivity and improve the nutritive value of forage. This study evaluated the effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover (PPC, Dalea purpurea Vent.), a native legume forage, with native cool-season grasses on the in vitro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed forages. Methods:Whole plant PPC and mixtures of cool-season grasses were harvested when the PPC reached the vegetative (VEG), full flower (FL) and seedpod (SP) stages, and were combined in ratios (DM basis) of 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0 at each maturity. In vitro ruminal incubations using these mixtures were conducted for 48?h to determine gas production (GP), in vitro DM disappearance (IVDMD), total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia-N production. Mixtures of forages harvested when the PPC reached the FL stage and 50:50 mixture of forages harvested at VEG, FL and SP stages were incubated in the rumen of three heifers for 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96?h to determine in situ degradabilities of DM, neutral detergent fibre (aNDF) and crude protein (CP). Results:Contents of aNDF and ADF increased (P?<?0.01), while CP decreased (P?<?0.001) as PPC matured. Concentrations of extractable condensed tannins in PPC ranked as FL?>?VEG?>?SP (P <?0.05). Regardless of PPC proportions in the mixture, GP decreased (P <?0.05) with increasing PPC maturity. Increasing PPC proportions linearly increased (P?<?0.001) GP, IVDMD and total VFA at VEG, but linearly decreased (P?<?0.001) them at SP. Irrespective of PPC maturity, ammonia-N production linearly increased (P?<?0.01) with increasing proportions of PPC and the concentration was higher (P?<?0.05) at VEG than at FL and SP stages. Increasing proportion of PPC at either maturity linearly increased (P?<?0.001) molar percentage of acetate (A) and branched-chain VFA, but linearly decreased (P?<?0.001) molar percentage of propionate (P), resulting in a linearly increase (P?<?0.001) in the A:P ratio. Increasing FL PPC in the mixture linearly and quadratically (P?<?0.01) increased a (soluble fraction), but linearly and quadratically decreased (P?<?0.01) b (potentially degradable fraction) for DM and aNDF, resulting in linear (P?<?0.05) and quadratic (P?<?0.01) increases in DM and aNDF maximum potential degradabilities (a + b). Effective degradabilities of DM and aNDF were also linearly and quadratically increased (P?<?0.05), and CP was quadratically increased (P?<?0.05) with increasing FL PPC, with the greatest effective degradability being observed with ratios between 50:50 and 75:25. Ruminal maximum potential degradabilities of DM and aNDF decreased (P?<?0.001) as the forage matured. Effective degradability of DM ranked as VEG?>?FL?>?SP (P?<?0.001), whereas the effective degradability of aNDF was similar between VEG and FL and both were greater (P?<?0.01) than SP. Conclusions:Inclusion of vegetative PPC in a mixed forage diet resulted in the greatest digestibility and incorporation of PPC before seedpod stage with native grasses had a positive effect on ruminal fermentation. Effects of PPC on ruminal digestion depend on both the stage of maturity and its proportion in mixed legume-grass pastures. Pastures containing 50% of PPC in full flower stage would likely provide the greatest quality diet to grazing ruminants subject to potential animal selectivity.

Dataset Information

Composition and Protein Precipitation Capacity of Condensed Tannins in Purple Prairie Clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.).

Publications

Composition and Protein Precipitation Capacity of Condensed Tannins in Purple Prairie Clover (<i>Dalea purpurea Vent</i>.).

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