Proton Pumping and Non-Pumping Terminal Respiratory Oxidases: Active Sites Intermediates of These Molecular Machines and Their Derivatives.

ABSTRACT: Terminal respiratory oxidases are highly efficient molecular machines. These most important bioenergetic membrane enzymes transform the energy of chemical bonds released during the transfer of electrons along the respiratory chains of eukaryotes and prokaryotes from cytochromes or quinols to molecular oxygen into a transmembrane proton gradient. They participate in regulatory cascades and physiological anti-stress reactions in multicellular organisms. They also allow microorganisms to adapt to low-oxygen conditions, survive in chemically aggressive environments and acquire antibiotic resistance. To date, three-dimensional structures with atomic resolution of members of all major groups of terminal respiratory oxidases, heme-copper oxidases, and bd-type cytochromes, have been obtained. Thes

SUBMITTER: Siletsky SA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8509429 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature