Bortezomib Induces Immunogenic Cell Death in Multiple Myeloma.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Zitvogel L
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8513917 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Bortezomib Induces Immunogenic Cell Death in Multiple Myeloma.
Zitvogel Laurence L Kroemer Guido G
Blood cancer discovery 20210526 5
As a general rule, successful antineoplastic treatments induce an antitumor immune response, even if they were initially designed to target cancer cell-autonomous pathways. In this issue of <i>Blood Cancer Discovery</i>, Gulla and colleagues reveal that the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib induces immunogenic stress and death in multiple myeloma cells, thus explaining its therapeutic efficacy. <i>See related article by Gulla et al., p. 468</i>. ...[more]
Similar Datasets
Project description:Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) are effective drugs for cancer treatment. A novel diaryl [1,2]oxazole class of compounds binding the colchicine site was synthesized as cis-restricted-combretastatin-A-4-analogue and then chemically modified to have improved solubility and a wider therapeutic index as compared to vinca alkaloids and taxanes. On these bases, a new class of tricyclic compounds, containing the [1,2]oxazole ring and an isoindole moiety, has been synthetized, among which SIX2G emerged as improved MTA. Several findings highlighted the ability of some chemotherapeutics to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), which is defined by the cell surface translocation of Calreticulin (CALR) via dissociation of the PP1/GADD34 complex. In this regard, we computationally predicted the ability of SIX2G to induce CALR exposure by interacting with the PP1 RVxF domain. We then assessed both the potential cytotoxic and immunogenic activity of SIX2G on in vitro models of multiple myeloma (MM), which is an incurable hematological malignancy characterized by an immunosuppressive milieu. We found that the treatment with SIX2G inhibited cell viability by inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, we observed the increase of hallmarks of ICD such as CALR exposure, ATP release and phospho-eIF2α protein level. Through co-culture experiments with immune cells, we demonstrated the increase of (i) CD86 maturation marker on dendritic cells, (ii) CD69 activation marker on cytotoxic T cells, and (iii) phagocytosis of tumor cells following treatment with SIX2G, confirming the onset of an immunogenic cascade. In conclusion, our findings provide a framework for further development of SIX2G as a new potential anti-MM agent.
| S-EPMC9499408 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Over the past decades, immunotherapy has demonstrated a prominent clinical efficacy in a wide variety of human tumors. For many years, apoptosis has been considered a non-immunogenic or tolerogenic process whereas necrosis or necroptosis has long been acknowledged to play a key role in inflammation and immune-related processes. However, the new concept of "immunogenic cell death" (ICD) has challenged this traditional view and has granted apoptosis with immunogenic abilities. This paradigm shift offers clear implications in designing novel anti-cancer therapeutic approaches. To date, several screening studies have been carried out to discover bona fide ICD inducers and reveal the inherent capacity of a wide variety of drugs to induce cell death-associated exposure of danger signals and to bring about in vivo anti-cancer immune responses. Recent shreds of evidence place ER stress at the core of all the scenarios where ICD occur. Furthermore, ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) have emerged as important targets in different human cancers. Notably, in multiple myeloma (MM), a lethal plasma cell disorder, the elevated production of immunoglobulins leaves these cells heavily reliant on the survival arm of the UPR. For that reason, drugs that disrupt ER homeostasis and engage ER stress-associated cell death, such as proteasome inhibitors, which are currently used for the treatment of MM, as well as novel ER stressors are intended to be promising therapeutic agents in MM. This not only holds true for their capacity to induce cell death, but also to their potential ability to activate the immunogenic arm of the ER stress response, with the ensuing exposure of danger signals. We provide here an overview of the up-to-date knowledge regarding the cell death mechanisms involved in situations of ER stress with a special focus on the connections with the drug-induced ER stress pathways that evoke ICD. We will also discuss how this could assist in optimizing and developing better immunotherapeutic approaches, especially in MM treatment.
| S-EPMC6476910 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The acquired resistance to bortezomib represents a major obstacle for multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. Studies revealed that the treatment with cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) may be a promising strategy for MM therapy. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the mechanism of action of cAMP in MM cells. Our results showed that 8-CPT-cAMP and bortezomib synergistically induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in MM bortezomib-resistant cell lines and primary MM cells, in which protein kinase A (PKA) activation was involved. Furthermore, 8-CPT-cAMP induced the degradation of cyclinD1 and downregulation of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1). Moreover, 8-CPT-cAMP enhanced endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by bortezomib. A synergy between bortezomib and cAMP was also revealed in a murine MOPC315 xenograft model, which was evidenced by the significantly inhibited tumor growth and the improved multiple cancer-related parameters by the combination of the cAMP-elevating compound forskolin and bortezomib. Taken together, this study suggests that the treatment with cAMP may be a promising strategy for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of bortezomib in MM treatment.
| S-EPMC5794718 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most prevalent hematologic malignancy. Although the use of bortezomib (BTZ) significantly improves MM therapy, intrinsic and acquired drug resistance to BTZ remains a major clinical problem. In this study, we find that Cdc37, a key co-chaperone of Hsp90, is downregulated in relapsed MM patients, especially after BTZ treatment, suggesting a link between Cdc37 and BTZ resistance. Suppression of Cdc37 or inhibition of Cdc37/Hsp90 association induces plasma cell dedifferentiation, quiescence of MM cells, and BTZ resistance in MM. Furthermore, we discover that Cdc37 expression correlates positively with Xbp1s, a critical transcription factor for plasma cell differentiation in MM samples. Depletion/inhibition of Cdc37 downregulates Xbp1s, while overexpression of Xbp1s in MM cell lines partially rescues plasma immaturation and BTZ resistance. It is suggested that Xbp1s may act as a key downstream effector of Cdc37. Experiments with a mouse model also demonstrate that Cdc37 inhibition promotes plasma cell immaturation, confers BTZ resistance, and increases MM progression in vivo. Together, we identify a critical factor and a new signaling mechanism that regulate plasma cell immaturation and BTZ resistance in MM cells. Our findings may constitute a novel strategy that overcomes BTZ resistance in MM therapy.
| S-EPMC7058164 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor with remarkable preclinical and clinical antitumor activity in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. The initial rationale for its use in MM was inhibition of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activity by blocking proteasomal degradation of inhibitor of kappaBalpha (IkappaBalpha). Bortezomib inhibits inducible NF-kappaB activity; however, its impact on constitutive NF-kappaB activity in MM cells has not yet been defined. In this study, we demonstrate that bortezomib significantly down-regulated IkappaBalpha expression and triggered NF-kappaB activation in MM cell lines and primary tumor cells from MM patients. Importantly, no inhibition of p65 (RelA) nuclear translocation was recognized after bortezomib treatment in a murine xenograft model bearing human MM cells. Bortezomib-induced NF-kappaB activation was mediated via the canonical pathway. Moreover, other classes of proteasome inhibitors also induced IkappaBalpha down-regulation associated with NF-kappaB activation. Molecular mechanisms whereby bortezomib induced IkappaBalpha down-regulation were further examined. Bortezomib triggered phosphorylation of IkappaB kinase (IKKbeta) and its upstream receptor-interacting protein 2, whereas IKKbeta inhibitor MLN120B blocked bortezomib-induced IkappaBalpha down-regulation and NF-kappaB activation, indicating receptor-interacting protein 2/IKKbeta signaling plays crucial role in bortezomib-induced NF-kappaB activation. Moreover, IKKbeta inhibitors enhanced bortezomib-induced cytotoxicity. Our studies therefore suggest that bortezomib-induced cytotoxicity cannot be fully attributed to inhibition of canonical NF-kappaB activity in MM cells.
| S-EPMC2721785 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10111341 | biostudies-literature
Project description:B-Myb has received considerable attention for its critical tumorigenic function of supporting DNA repair. However, its modulatory effects on chemotherapy and immunotherapy have rarely been reported in colorectal cancer. Bortezomib (BTZ) is a novel compound with chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic effects, but it fails to work in colorectal cancer with high B-Myb expression. The present study was designed to investigate whether B-Myb deletion in colorectal cancer could potentiate the immune efficacy of BTZ against colorectal cancer and to clarify the underlying mechanism. Stable B-Myb knockdown was induced in colorectal cancer cells, which increased apoptosis of the cancer cells relative to the control group in vitro and in vivo. We found that BTZ exhibited more favourable efficacy in B-Myb-defective colorectal cancer cells and tumor-bearing mice. BTZ treatment led to differential expression of genes enriched in the p53 signaling pathway promoted more powerful downstream DNA damage, and arrested cell cycle in B-Myb-defective colorectal cancer. In contrast, recovery of B-Myb in B-Myb-defective colorectal cancer cells abated BTZ-related DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and anticancer efficacy. Moreover, BTZ promoted DNA damage-associated enhancement of immunogenicity, as indicated by potentiated expression of HMGB1 and HSP90 in B-Myb-defective cells, thereby driving M1 polarization of macrophages. Collectively, B-Myb deletion in colorectal cancer facilitates the immunogenic death of cancer cells, thereby further promoting the immune efficacy of BTZ by amplifying DNA damage. The present work provides an effective molecular target for colorectal cancer immunotherapy with BTZ.
| S-EPMC10987531 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Lactoferrin-derived peptide chimera is a synthetic peptide that mimics the functional unit of lactoferrin with antibacterial activity. Although LF has anticancer effects, to the best of our knowledge, its effects on multiple myeloma have not yet been studied. We explored the potential of a lactoferrin-derived chimera for multiple myeloma treatment, a malignant clonal plasma cell bone marrow disease. The lactoferrin-derived chimera effectively inhibited MM1S, MM1R, and RPMI8226 multiple myeloma cell growth, and induced the early and late phases of apoptosis, but not in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Furthermore, the lactoferrin-derived chimera modulates the relative expression of genes involved in survival, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction at the transcriptional level. Mitochondrial analysis revealed that lactoferrin-derived chimera triggered oxidative stress in multiple myeloma cells, leading to reactive oxygen species generation and a decline in mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. Although lactoferrin-derived chimera did not cause caspase-dependent cell death, it induced nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and endonuclease G, indicating the initiation of caspase-independent apoptosis. Overall, the lactoferrin-derived chimera induces caspase-independent programmed cell death in multiple myeloma cell lines by increasing the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor/endonuclease G. Therefore, it has potential for multiple myeloma cancer therapies.
| S-EPMC11817516 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AbstractBecause multiple myeloma (MM) poses a formidable therapeutic challenge despite recent progress, exploring novel targets is crucial. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) emerges as a promising paracaspase with druggable potential, especially unexplored in MM. Our study provided compelling evidence demonstrating a statistically significant elevation of MALT1 expression in human primary MM cells. Moreover, elevated MALT1 expression was associated with a poorer prognosis in MM. Genetic deletion of MALT1 reduced cell growth, colony formation, and tumor growth in vivo. Pharmacological inhibition with 1 μM of a small-molecular MALT1 inhibitor, Mi-2, effectively inhibited cell growth, inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptotic cell death. Mechanistically, MALT1 inhibition disrupted diverse signal transduction pathways, notably impeding nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Significantly, the inhibition of MALT1 demonstrated a substantial suppression of NF-κB activation by elevating inhibitor of NF-κB, disrupting the nuclear localization of p65 and c-REL. This effect was observed in both the basal state and when stimulated by B-cell maturation antigen, highlighting the pivotal role of MALT1 inhibition in influencing MM cell survival. It was noteworthy that Mi-2 induces properties associated with immunogenic cell death (ICD), as evidenced by increased calreticulin, adenosine triphosphate release, and high-mobility group protein B1 upregulation, consequently triggering ICD-associated immune activation and enhancing CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity in vitro. In conclusion, our research highlights MALT1 as a promising druggable target for therapeutic interventions in MM, providing insights into its molecular mechanisms in MM progression.
| S-EPMC11339052 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Previous studies have shown the potential of immunogenic cell death-related modalities in myeloma. The significance of IL5RA in myeloma and immunogenic cell death remains unknown. We analyzed IL5RA expression, the gene expression profile, and secretory protein genes related to IL5RA level using GEO data. Immunogenic cell death subgroup classification was performed using the ConsensusClusterPlus and pheatmap R package. Enrichment analyses were based on GO/KEGG analysis. After IL5RA-shRNA transfection in myeloma cells, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and drug sensitivity were detected. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. IL5RA was upregulated in myeloma and progressed smoldering myeloma. We observed enrichment in pathways such as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity in the high-IL5RA group. IL5RA was also closely associated with secretory protein genes such as CST6. We observed the enrichment of cellular apoptosis and hippo signaling pathway on differential genes in the immunogenic cell death cluster. Furthermore, IL5RA was associated with immune infiltration, immunogenic cell death-related genes, immune-checkpoint-related genes, and m6A in myeloma. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed the involvement of IL5RA in apoptosis, proliferation, and drug resistance of myeloma cells. IL5RA shows the potential to be an immunogenic cell death-related predictor for myeloma.
| S-EPMC10220083 | biostudies-literature