Anal human papillomavirus infection among men who have sex with men and transgender women living with and without HIV in Pakistan: findings from a cross-sectional study.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of infection, genotypes and risk factors for human papillomavirus (HPV) among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women living with and without HIV in Pakistan. Anal infection with HPV is very common worldwide among MSM, particularly among MSM living with HIV. The high prevalence of HIV among MSM and male-to-female transgendered individuals in Pakistan is a significant health concern since access to screening and health-seeking is often delayed in this stigmatised key population.

Design

This cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2016 and November 2017.

Participants, setting and data collection

This study recruited MSM and transgender-women who self-reported to have had anal sex in

SUBMITTER: Ejaz M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8562516 | biostudies-literature | 2021 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature